Nani Abdelhafid, Belarbi Meriem, Ksouri-Megdiche Wided, Abdoul-Azize Souleymane, Benammar Chahid, Ghiringhelli François, Hichami Aziz, Khan Naim Akhtar
University of Adrar, National Road n°06, Adrar, 01000, Algeria.
Laboratory of Natural Products, Abou-bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Dec 1;15:426. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0946-3.
Pearl millet (PM), i.e., Pennisetum glaucum, is widely grown in Africa and known for its anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic properties.
The P. glaucum grains were obtained from the region of Ouled Aïssa (South of Algeria). We assessed the effects of phenolic compounds and lipids, extracted from seeds of P. glaucum, on rat lymphocyte proliferation, activated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin. In order to explore signaling pathway, triggered by these compounds, we assessed interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/ERK2) phosphorylation. Finally, we determined increases in free intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations, [Ca(2+)]i, by employing Fura-2/AM in rat lymphocytes.
The composition of P. glaucum grains in polyphenols was estimated to be 1660 µg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g. Lipids represented 4.5 %, and more than 72% of the fatty acids belonged to unsaturated family. Our investigation showed that both lipid and phenolic compounds inhibited mitogen-induced T-cell proliferation. Compared with phenolic compounds, lipids exerted weaker effects on ERK-1/ERK2 phosphorylation and Ca(2+) signaling in mitogen-activated T-cells.
We conclude that the immunomodulatory effects of P. glaucum could be contributed by its phenolic and lipid contents.
珍珠粟（PM），即狼尾草，在非洲广泛种植，以其抗氧化和抗高血脂特性而闻名。
狼尾草种子取自瓦利德·阿伊萨地区（阿尔及利亚南部）。我们评估了从狼尾草种子中提取的酚类化合物和脂质对佛波醇12 - 肉豆蔻酸酯13 - 乙酸酯和离子霉素激活的大鼠淋巴细胞增殖的影响。为了探究这些化合物触发的信号通路，我们评估了白细胞介素 - 2（IL - 2）mRNA表达和细胞外信号调节激酶 - 1/2（ERK1/ERK2）磷酸化。最后，我们在大鼠淋巴细胞中使用Fura - 2/AM测定细胞内游离钙离子浓度[Ca(2+)]i的增加情况。
狼尾草种子中多酚的含量估计为1660微克没食子酸当量（GAE）/克。脂质占4.5%，超过72%的脂肪酸属于不饱和脂肪酸家族。我们的研究表明，脂质和酚类化合物均抑制丝裂原诱导的T细胞增殖。与酚类化合物相比，脂质对丝裂原激活的T细胞中ERK - 1/ERK2磷酸化和Ca(2+)信号传导的影响较弱。
我们得出结论，狼尾草的免疫调节作用可能归因于其酚类和脂质成分。
