Mohankumar Swathi, Patel Tushar
Brief Funct Genomics. 2016 May;15(3):249-56. doi: 10.1093/bfgp/elv058. Epub 2015 Dec 3.
Analysis of extracellular vesicles (EV) and their contents may be useful as disease biomarkers if they reflect the contents of cells of origin, differ between normal and diseased tissue and can be reliably detected. An increasing number of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are being reported to be aberrantly expressed in human cancers. These tumor-associated lncRNA may have potential as new biomarkers of disease. In this review, we highlight lncRNAs that are commonly associated with hepatocellular cancer, and summarize their potential biological roles and underlying molecular mechanisms. While lncRNA can be detected in the circulation, their low expression within circulating vesicles will require the use of highly sensitive detection technologies such as digital polymerase chain reaction or next-generation sequencing. While the integrity and functional role of tumor-specific lncRNAs within EV have yet to be established, their presence or enrichment within tumor cell-derived EV offers promise for their potential as disease biomarkers.
如果细胞外囊泡（EV）及其内容物能够反映其来源细胞的成分、在正常组织和病变组织之间存在差异且能被可靠检测，那么对它们的分析可能作为疾病生物标志物有用。越来越多的长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）被报道在人类癌症中异常表达。这些肿瘤相关lncRNA可能具有作为疾病新生物标志物的潜力。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了通常与肝细胞癌相关的lncRNA，并总结了它们潜在的生物学作用和潜在分子机制。虽然lncRNA可在循环中检测到，但它们在循环囊泡中的低表达将需要使用高灵敏度检测技术，如数字聚合酶链反应或下一代测序。虽然肿瘤特异性lncRNA在EV中的完整性和功能作用尚未确定，但它们在肿瘤细胞衍生的EV中的存在或富集为其作为疾病生物标志物的潜力带来了希望。
