Thibodeau Paul H, Fein Mira J, Goodbody Elizabeth S, Flusberg Stephen J
Department of Psychology, Oberlin College, Oberlin OH, USA.
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Purchase Purchase, NY, USA.
Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 17;6:1728. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01728. eCollection 2015.
Depression is a common clinical disorder characterized by a complex web of psychological, behavioral, and neurological causes and symptoms. Here we investigate everyday beliefs and attitudes about depression, as well as the factors that shape the depression schemas people hold. In each of three studies, participants read about a person experiencing several symptoms of depression and answered questions about their conception of the disorder. In some cases the symptoms were presented in isolation while in other cases the symptoms were presented with a diagnostic label and/or descriptions of its possible causes (e.g., genes versus personal experience). Results indicated that beliefs and attitudes toward depression were largely shaped by individual difference factors (e.g., personal experience, political ideology) and that the experimental manipulations primarily impacted attributions of responsibility and suggestions for a course of treatment. These findings represent an important advance in our understanding of the factors that influence the folk psychiatry of depression and help inform theories of schema formation for abstract and complex domains.
抑郁症是一种常见的临床疾病，其特征是由心理、行为和神经学方面的原因及症状构成的复杂网络。在此，我们调查了关于抑郁症的日常信念和态度，以及塑造人们所持抑郁症模式的因素。在三项研究的每一项中，参与者阅读了关于一个出现几种抑郁症状的人的描述，并回答了关于他们对该疾病概念的问题。在某些情况下，症状是单独呈现的，而在其他情况下，症状会与诊断标签和/或其可能原因的描述一起呈现（例如，基因与个人经历）。结果表明，对抑郁症的信念和态度在很大程度上受到个体差异因素（如个人经历、政治意识形态）的影响，并且实验操作主要影响责任归因和治疗方案建议。这些发现代表了我们在理解影响抑郁症民间精神病学的因素方面的一项重要进展，并有助于为抽象和复杂领域的模式形成理论提供信息。
