Park Yeong O, Park Sang H
Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju, South Korea.
Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 24;6:1815. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01815. eCollection 2015.
We hypothesized that observing social exclusion would influence observers' judgments of the humanness of its victims and perpetrators. Specifically, we speculated that people would attribute victims and perpetrators to lower and higher mental capacities, respectively. Participants observed a simulated computer-based ball tossing game in which one of the players was either ostracized or not. They then rated the game players on traits associated with two dimensions of humanness, namely Human Nature (HN) and Human Uniqueness (HU). Overall, participants who witnessed an exclusion game judged the victim as less human on both domains compared to one of the perpetrators as well as to a player in the control condition. The perpetrator was attributed higher HN, but not significantly higher HU, compared to the control player. In addition, the less HN attributes a target was assigned, the more she was expected to be vulnerable to exploitation. On most of the other measures of target impression, however, the victim was rated more favorably than the perpetrator. The findings imply that social exclusion victims are often subtly derogated compared to the perpetrators, even while they are also more positively evaluated otherwise.
我们假设，观察社会排斥会影响观察者对受害者和施害者人性的判断。具体而言，我们推测人们会分别将受害者和施害者的心理能力归为较低和较高水平。参与者观看了一场基于计算机模拟的抛球游戏，其中一名玩家要么被排斥，要么未被排斥。然后，他们根据与人性的两个维度相关的特质对游戏玩家进行评分，这两个维度分别是人性本质（HN）和人类独特性（HU）。总体而言，与施害者之一以及处于控制条件下的玩家相比，目睹排斥游戏的参与者在这两个维度上都认为受害者的人性较低。与处于控制条件下的玩家相比，施害者被赋予了更高的HN，但HU并没有显著更高。此外，目标被赋予的HN属性越少，人们就越预期其容易受到剥削。然而，在大多数其他关于目标印象的衡量指标上，受害者的评分比施害者更有利。研究结果表明，与施害者相比，社会排斥的受害者往往会受到微妙的贬低，即使他们在其他方面也得到了更积极的评价。
