Nikolic Aleksandar, Volarevic Vladislav, Armstrong Lyle, Lako Majlinda, Stojkovic Miodrag
Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, The International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:1741072. doi: 10.1155/2016/1741072. Epub 2015 Nov 9.
Infertility is a condition that occurs very frequently and understanding what defines normal fertility is crucial to helping patients. Causes of infertility are numerous and the treatment often does not lead to desired pregnancy especially when there is a lack of functional gametes. In humans, the primordial germ cell (PGC) is the primary undifferentiated stem cell type that will differentiate towards gametes: spermatozoa or oocytes. With the development of stem cell biology and differentiation protocols, PGC can be obtained from pluripotent stem cells providing a new therapeutic possibility to treat infertile couples. Recent studies demonstrated that viable mouse pups could be obtained from in vitro differentiated stem cells suggesting that translation of these results to human is closer. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge about PGC indicating the perspective of their use in both research and medical application for the treatment of infertility.
不孕症是一种非常常见的病症，了解正常生育能力的定义对于帮助患者至关重要。不孕症的原因众多，而且治疗往往无法实现预期的妊娠，尤其是在缺乏功能性配子的情况下。在人类中，原始生殖细胞（PGC）是主要的未分化干细胞类型，它将分化为配子：精子或卵子。随着干细胞生物学和分化方案的发展，可以从多能干细胞中获得PGC，为治疗不孕夫妇提供了一种新的治疗可能性。最近的研究表明，可以从体外分化的干细胞中获得存活的小鼠幼崽，这表明将这些结果转化应用于人类的可能性更大。因此，本综述的目的是总结关于PGC的当前知识，指明其在不孕症研究和医学治疗应用中的前景。
