Goozee K G, Shah T M, Sohrabi H R, Rainey-Smith S R, Brown B, Verdile G, Martins R N
1McCusker KARVIAH Research Centre,Anglican Retirement Villages,Sydney,NSW 2154,Australia.
2School of Medical Sciences,Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care,Edith Cowan University,Joondalup,WA 6027,Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2016 Feb 14;115(3):449-65. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515004687. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
Curcumin derived from turmeric is well documented for its anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies show that curcumin also possesses neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties that may help delay or prevent neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, clinical diagnosis of AD is onerous, and it is primarily based on the exclusion of other causes of dementia. In addition, phase III clinical trials of potential treatments have mostly failed, leaving disease-modifying interventions elusive. AD can be characterised neuropathologically by the deposition of extracellular β amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular accumulation of tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Disruptions in Aβ metabolism/clearance contribute to AD pathogenesis. In vitro studies have shown that Aβ metabolism is altered by curcumin, and animal studies report that curcumin may influence brain function and the development of dementia, because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to influence Aβ metabolism. However, clinical studies of curcumin have revealed limited effects to date, most likely because of curcumin's relatively low solubility and bioavailability, and because of selection of cohorts with diagnosed AD, in whom there is already major neuropathology. However, the fresh approach of targeting early AD pathology (by treating healthy, pre-clinical and mild cognitive impairment-stage cohorts) combined with new curcumin formulations that increase bioavailability is renewing optimism concerning curcumin-based therapy. The aim of this paper is to review the current evidence supporting an association between curcumin and modulation of AD pathology, including in vitro and in vivo studies. We also review the use of curcumin in emerging retinal imaging technology, as a fluorochrome for AD diagnostics.
姜黄中的姜黄素具有抗癌、抗氧化和抗炎特性，这已得到充分证明。最近的研究表明，姜黄素还具有神经保护和认知增强特性，可能有助于延缓或预防包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）在内的神经退行性疾病。目前，AD的临床诊断很繁琐，主要基于排除其他痴呆病因。此外，潜在治疗方法的III期临床试验大多失败，使得疾病修饰干预难以实现。AD在神经病理学上的特征是细胞外β淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）斑块的沉积和含tau蛋白的神经原纤维缠结的细胞内积累。Aβ代谢/清除的破坏导致AD发病机制。体外研究表明姜黄素会改变Aβ代谢，动物研究报告称姜黄素可能因其抗氧化和抗炎特性以及影响Aβ代谢的能力而影响脑功能和痴呆的发展。然而，迄今为止，姜黄素的临床研究显示效果有限，这很可能是因为姜黄素的溶解度和生物利用度相对较低，以及选择了已确诊AD的队列，这些患者已经存在严重的神经病理学改变。然而，针对早期AD病理学的新方法（通过治疗健康、临床前和轻度认知障碍阶段的队列）与提高生物利用度的新姜黄素制剂相结合，正在重新燃起人们对基于姜黄素治疗的乐观情绪。本文的目的是综述支持姜黄素与AD病理学调节之间关联的现有证据，包括体外和体内研究。我们还综述了姜黄素在新兴视网膜成像技术中作为AD诊断荧光染料的应用。
