Gacek Maria
Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, University School of Physical Education in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2015;66(4):361-6.
BACKGROUND: Personality traits associated with one's health beliefs and expectations constitute a determinant of dietary behaviours. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to analyse the dietary behaviours of young American football players in the Polish clubs and association thereof with their general self-efficacy level. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included the group of 100 young men (20-30 years of age) who practiced American football on a professional basis in three Polish clubs. The study was based on an original dietary behaviour questionnaire derived from the Swiss Food Pyramid for Athletes and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Statistical analysis, conducted with Statistica 10.0 PL software, included intergroup comparisons with the Chi-square test. RESULTS: Having at least three meals per day (82%), consumption of such protein products as eggs and/or meat several times per week (68%) and including cereal products in every main meal (67%) turned out to be the most often followed qualitative recommendations of the Swiss Food Pyramid for Athletes in the group of American football players. Other, frequently followed dietary recommendations included remaining on a variable diet (75%), preference to mineral water and other non- sweetened beverages (69%), reduced intake of sweets and salted snacks (65%), energy drinks (64%) and fast food products (60%). The least frequently declared dietary behaviours included consuming recommended amounts of vegetables/fruits (48%) and wholegrain cereal products (45%), and reduced intake of animal fats (42%). Analysis of a relationship between specific dietary behaviours and general self-efficacy level showed that the athletes with higher levels of this trait consumed recommended daily amounts of vegetables (54% vs. 26%, p<0.01) and cereal products (87% vs. 50%, p<0.001), had recommended number of meals per day (96% vs. 70%, p<0.001) and ate regularly (76% vs. 24%, p<0.001) significantly more often than the persons characterized by lower self-efficacy levels. CONCLUSIONS: Players with higher general self-efficacy levels adhere to the recommendations of the Swiss Food Pyramid for Athletes to a larger extent than the sportsmen with lower levels of this trait.
背景：与个人健康信念和期望相关的人格特质是饮食行为的一个决定因素。 目的：本研究旨在分析波兰俱乐部中美国橄榄球年轻运动员的饮食行为及其与一般自我效能水平的关联。 材料与方法：该研究纳入了100名年龄在20至30岁之间、在波兰三家俱乐部从事职业美式橄榄球运动的年轻男性。本研究基于一份源自瑞士运动员食物金字塔的原创饮食行为问卷以及一般自我效能量表（GSES）。使用Statistica 10.0 PL软件进行统计分析，包括采用卡方检验进行组间比较。 结果：每天至少吃三餐（82%）、每周多次食用鸡蛋和/或肉类等蛋白质产品（68%）以及每餐都包含谷物产品（67%），是美国橄榄球运动员群体中最常遵循的瑞士运动员食物金字塔的定性建议。其他经常遵循的饮食建议包括保持多样化饮食（75%）、偏好矿泉水和其他无糖饮料（69%）、减少甜食和咸味零食的摄入量（65%）、能量饮料（64%）和快餐产品（60%）。最不常宣称的饮食行为包括食用推荐量的蔬菜/水果（48%）和全谷物产品（45%），以及减少动物脂肪的摄入量（42%）。对特定饮食行为与一般自我效能水平之间关系的分析表明，该特质水平较高的运动员每天食用推荐量蔬菜（54%对26%，p<0.01）和谷物产品（87%对50%，p<0.001）、每天用餐次数达到推荐量（96%对70%，p<0.001）以及规律饮食（76%对24%，p<0.001）的频率明显高于自我效能水平较低的人。 结论：一般自我效能水平较高的运动员比该特质水平较低的运动员在更大程度上遵循瑞士运动员食物金字塔的建议。
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2014
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2017
Psychol Russ. 2025-3-1
Zotero 插件