Szczepańska Elzbieta, Spałkowska Agnieszka
Zakład Zywienia Człowieka, Wydział Zdrowia Publicznego, Slaski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Zabrze-Rokitnica.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012;63(4):483-9.
In sports, such as basketball and volleyball, players must demonstrate the speed, strength, stamina and concentration. Correct nutrition affects the strength of the muscles and the extension of capacity. It is also necessary for the proper functioning of the nervous system and determines the rate of regeneration after physical effort.
The aim of this study was to assess dietary behaviours of professional volleyball and basketball players and compare the prevalence of correct behaviours in both groups.
209 professional volleyball and basketball players from sports clubs localized in six Silesian cities were survived with the mean of author questionnaire. The chi-square test was used to examine differences in the prevalence of the correct behaviours among players.
Analysis of the results obtained showed that 52% of the players had 4-5 meals a day. 35% of respondents had wholemeal bread and/or groats daily. Milk and dairy products daily ate 71% of surveyed players, meat and sausages 70% respectively. 41% of respondents had cottage cheese and 28% had fish several times a week. Vegetables and fruit were eaten by 21% and respectively 23% of respondents. Sweets were eaten daily by 40% of surveyed, while fast-food were eaten several times a week by 17% of players. Nutrients for athletes were used by 32%, and vitamin supplementation by 48% of respondents. Prevalence of correct dietary behaviour in the group of professional volleyball and basketball players differed. Basketball players statistically more frequently than volleyball players had 4-5 meals a day, had wholemeal bread and/or thick groats, milk and dairy products, meat and sausages, especially poultry. They had raw vegetables and fruit several times a day. They drank more than 2.5 liters of fluids per day. They also significantly more frequently than volleyball players consumed the fast-food occasionally or never.
Dietary behaviours of surveyed players were incorrect. Comparison of prevalence of proper behaviours showed that a group of basketball players had more favourable nutrition habits.
在篮球和排球等运动中，运动员必须展现出速度、力量、耐力和专注力。正确的营养会影响肌肉力量和能力的提升。它对于神经系统的正常运作也是必要的，并决定了体力消耗后的恢复速度。
本研究旨在评估职业排球和篮球运动员的饮食行为，并比较两组中正确行为的发生率。
对来自西里西亚六个城市体育俱乐部的209名职业排球和篮球运动员进行了作者问卷调查。采用卡方检验来检验运动员中正确行为发生率的差异。
对所得结果的分析表明，52%的运动员每天吃4 - 5餐。35%的受访者每天食用全麦面包和/或谷物。71%的受访运动员每天饮用牛奶和奶制品，食用肉类和香肠的分别占70%。41%的受访者每周吃几次奶酪，28%的受访者每周吃几次鱼。21%的受访者食用蔬菜，23%的受访者食用水果。40%的受访运动员每天吃甜食，17%的运动员每周吃几次快餐。32%的受访者使用运动员专用营养剂，48%的受访者补充维生素。职业排球和篮球运动员组中正确饮食行为的发生率存在差异。篮球运动员在统计学上比排球运动员更频繁地每天吃4 - 5餐，食用全麦面包和/或粗谷物、牛奶和奶制品、肉类和香肠，尤其是家禽。他们每天吃几次生蔬菜和水果。他们每天饮用超过2.5升的液体。他们偶尔或从不食用快餐的频率也显著高于排球运动员。
受访运动员的饮食行为不正确。对正确行为发生率的比较表明，篮球运动员群体有更良好的营养习惯。
