将护士领导力和工作特征与护士职业倦怠及工作投入联系起来。
Linking Nurse Leadership and Work Characteristics to Nurse Burnout and Engagement.
作者信息
Lewis Heather Smith, Cunningham Christopher J L
机构信息
Heather Smith Lewis, MS, is Institutional Research Analyst II, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia. Christopher J. L. Cunningham, PhD, is UC Foundation Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga.
出版信息
Nurs Res. 2016 Jan-Feb;65(1):13-23. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000130.
BACKGROUND
Burnout and engagement are critical conditions affecting patient safety and the functioning of healthcare organizations; the areas of worklife model suggest that work environment characteristics may impact employee burnout and general worklife quality.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose was to present and test a conditional process model linking perceived transformational nurse leadership to nurse staff burnout and engagement via important work environment characteristics.
METHODS
Working nurses (N = 120) provided perceptions of the core study variables via Internet- or paper-based survey. The hypothesized model was tested using the PROCESS analysis tool, which enables simultaneous testing of multiple, parallel, indirect effects within the SPSS statistical package.
RESULTS
Findings support the areas of worklife model and suggest that transformational leadership is strongly associated with work environment characteristics that are further linked to nurse burnout and engagement. Interestingly, different work characteristics appear to be critical channels through which transformational leadership impacts nurse burnout and engagement.
DISCUSSION
There are several methodological and practical implications of this work for researchers and practitioners interested in preventing burnout and promoting occupational health within healthcare organizations. These implications are tied to the connections observed between transformational leadership, specific work environment characteristics, and burnout and engagement outcomes.
背景
职业倦怠和工作投入是影响患者安全及医疗组织运作的关键状况；工作生活模式的各个方面表明，工作环境特征可能会影响员工的职业倦怠和总体工作生活质量。
目的
本研究旨在提出并检验一个条件过程模型，该模型通过重要的工作环境特征，将感知到的变革型护士领导力与护士人员的职业倦怠和工作投入联系起来。
方法
在职护士（N = 120）通过基于网络或纸质的调查提供了对核心研究变量的看法。使用PROCESS分析工具对假设模型进行检验，该工具能够在SPSS统计软件包中同时检验多个平行的间接效应。
结果
研究结果支持工作生活模式的各个方面，并表明变革型领导与工作环境特征密切相关，而这些特征又进一步与护士的职业倦怠和工作投入相关。有趣的是，不同的工作特征似乎是变革型领导影响护士职业倦怠和工作投入的关键渠道。
讨论
这项工作对有兴趣在医疗组织中预防职业倦怠和促进职业健康的研究人员和从业者具有若干方法学和实践意义。这些意义与变革型领导、特定工作环境特征以及职业倦怠和工作投入结果之间观察到的联系有关。
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