Jayamani Violet, Gopichandran Vijayaprasad, Lee Premila, Alexander Greeda, Christopher Solomon, Prasad Jasmin Helan
Department of Community Health Nursing, K.G. College of Nursing, K.G. Hospital, Coimbatore, India.
Department of Community Health, College of Nursing, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2013 Oct-Dec;2(4):334-8. doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.123782.
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart diseases are increasing in India. There is a clear need to study risk factors for NCDs in various population groups in the country.
This community based cross-sectional survey was conducted to study the diet and physical activity of women in urban and rural areas in Vellore district. Dietary data was collected using 24-h dietary recall and physical activity was collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Sociodemographic variables were collected to assess the risk factors for unfavorable diet and physical activity.
The odds of the rural women engaging in high physical activity are 3.61 times greater than urban women (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.36-5.54). The odds of the urban women consuming a high calorie diet are 1.923 times that of the rural women (95% CI = 1.282-2.857). The odds of the urban women being overweight/obese are 5.555 times than that of the urban women (95% CI = 3.333-10). Women who were housewives and not doing household work were significantly less physically active, took higher calorie diet, and were more overweight and obese compared to women who were involved in active household work.
Urban women had unfavorable diet and physical activity levels compared to rural women. They also had higher levels of overweight and obesity. There is a need for targeted NCD prevention interventions among urban women.
在印度，糖尿病、高血压和心脏病等非传染性疾病的发病率正在上升。显然有必要研究该国不同人群中患非传染性疾病的风险因素。
本社区横断面调查旨在研究韦洛尔地区城乡女性的饮食和身体活动情况。通过24小时饮食回顾收集饮食数据，使用国际身体活动问卷（IPAQ）收集身体活动数据。收集社会人口统计学变量以评估不良饮食和身体活动的风险因素。
农村女性进行高强度身体活动的几率比城市女性高3.61倍（95%置信区间（CI）=2.36 - 5.54）。城市女性摄入高热量饮食的几率是农村女性的1.923倍（95% CI = 1.282 - 2.857）。城市女性超重/肥胖的几率是农村女性的5.555倍（95% CI = 3.333 - 10）。与从事家务劳动的女性相比，家庭主妇且不做家务的女性身体活动明显较少，摄入的热量更高，超重和肥胖的比例也更高。
与农村女性相比，城市女性的饮食和身体活动水平不佳。她们超重和肥胖的程度也更高。有必要针对城市女性开展有针对性的非传染性疾病预防干预措施。
