Hufford David J, Sprengel Meredith, Ives John A, Jonas Wayne
Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia (Dr Hufford [retired]).
Health Analytics, Columbia, Maryland (Ms Sprengel).
Glob Adv Health Med. 2015 Nov;4(Suppl):79-88. doi: 10.7453/gahmj.2015.025.suppl. Epub 2015 Nov 1.
In this article, we describe barriers to the entry of biofield healing into mainstream contemporary science and clinical practice. We focus on obstacles that arise from the social nature of the scientific enterprise, an aspect of science highlighted by the influential work of Thomas Kuhn (1922-1996), one of the most important- and controversial-philosophers of science in the 20th century. Kuhn analyzed science and its revolutionary changes in terms of the dynamics within scientific communities. Kuhn's approach helps us understand unconventional medical theories and practices such as biofield healing. For many years, these were called "complementary and alternative medicine" (CAM). However, because most people use nonmainstream approaches in conjunction with conventional treatments, the National Institutes of Health and many practitioners now prefer "Complementary and Integrative Medicine" (CIM) where integrative implies "bringing conventional and complementary approaches together in a coordinated way."(1) Biofield healing fits the integrative model well, provides a novel approach to therapeutic intervention, and is developing in a manner that can integrate with current medical science in simple ways. Yet, it still remains outside the conventional framework because of its conceptual bases, which contrast sharply with conventional assumptions regarding the nature of reality.
在本文中,我们描述了生物场疗法进入当代主流科学和临床实践所面临的障碍。我们关注的是科学事业的社会性质所产生的障碍,这是科学的一个方面,被20世纪最重要且最具争议性的科学哲学家之一托马斯·库恩(1922 - 1996)的有影响力的著作所强调。库恩从科学共同体内部的动态变化角度分析了科学及其革命性变革。库恩的方法有助于我们理解诸如生物场疗法等非常规医学理论和实践。多年来,这些被称为“补充和替代医学”(CAM)。然而,由于大多数人将非主流方法与传统治疗结合使用,美国国立卫生研究院和许多从业者现在更喜欢“补充和整合医学”(CIM),其中“整合”意味着“以协调的方式将传统方法和补充方法结合起来”。(1)生物场疗法非常适合整合模式,提供了一种新颖的治疗干预方法,并且正在以能够与当前医学科学以简单方式整合的方式发展。然而,由于其概念基础与关于现实本质的传统假设形成鲜明对比,它仍然处于传统框架之外。