Tasoulas Jason, Patsouris Efstratios, Giaginis Constantinos, Theocharis Stamatios
a First Department of Pathology , University of Athens, Medical School , Athens , Greece.
b Department of Food Science and Nutrition , University of the Aegean , Myrina , Lemnos , Greece.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2016;16(3):285-95. doi: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1133296. Epub 2016 Jan 11.
The variation of saliva composition in different physiological and pathological states is well demonstrated. Several saliva constituents (enzymes, hormones, antibodies, cytokines etc.) are up- or down-regulated in respect to benign, premalignant and malignant conditions in the oral cavity, and several patterns of deregulation are associated with specific disorders. Omics technologies have contributed significantly in the identification of alterations in gene expression, transcription, protein coding and small molecules concentration, in biologic systems. In this aspect, salivaomics integrate these technologies in saliva analysis and represent a novel and holistic approach in oral disease management including diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring. This review summarizes the current research in the discovery of biomarkers and molecular signatures with diagnostic or prognostic utility for oral diseases in saliva. The review also focuses on the emerging issues of the salivaomics technology and saliva diagnostics and the translational potential.
不同生理和病理状态下唾液成分的变化已得到充分证实。在口腔的良性、癌前和恶性病变中，几种唾液成分（酶、激素、抗体、细胞因子等）会出现上调或下调，并且几种失调模式与特定疾病相关。组学技术在识别生物系统中基因表达、转录、蛋白质编码和小分子浓度的改变方面做出了重大贡献。在这方面，唾液组学将这些技术整合到唾液分析中，代表了一种在口腔疾病管理（包括诊断、预后和监测）中新颖且全面的方法。本综述总结了目前在唾液中发现具有口腔疾病诊断或预后效用的生物标志物和分子特征的研究。该综述还关注唾液组学技术和唾液诊断的新问题以及转化潜力。
