Ratcliffe Matthew, Wilkinson Sam
Department of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Austria.
Department of Philosophy, University of Durham, UK.
Conscious Cogn. 2016 Jan;39:48-58. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.11.009. Epub 2015 Dec 9.
Verbal hallucinations are often associated with pronounced feelings of anxiety, and it has also been suggested that anxiety somehow triggers them. In this paper, we offer a phenomenological or 'personal-level' account of how it does so. We show how anxious anticipation of one's own thought contents can generate an experience of their being 'alien'. It does so by making an experience of thinking more like one of perceiving, resulting in an unfamiliar kind of intentional state. This accounts for a substantial subset of verbal hallucinations, which are experienced as falling within one's psychological boundaries and lacking in auditory qualities.
言语幻觉通常与明显的焦虑情绪有关,也有人认为焦虑以某种方式引发了这些幻觉。在本文中,我们提供了一种现象学的或“个人层面”的解释,说明焦虑是如何引发言语幻觉的。我们展示了对自己思维内容的焦虑预期如何产生一种其“异己”的体验。它是通过使思维体验更像感知体验来做到这一点的,从而产生一种不熟悉的意向状态。这解释了言语幻觉中的一个重要子集,这些幻觉被体验为处于个人心理边界之内且缺乏听觉特质。