Radke Sina, Seidel Eva-Maria, Eickhoff Simon B, Gur Ruben C, Schneider Frank, Habel Ute, Derntl Birgit
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich/Aachen, Germany.
Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Neuroimage. 2016 Feb 15;127:267-276. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.12.014. Epub 2015 Dec 12.
Social rewards are processed by the same dopaminergic-mediated brain networks as non-social rewards, suggesting a common representation of subjective value. Individual differences in personality and motivation influence the reinforcing value of social incentives, but it remains open whether the pursuit of social incentives is analogously supported by the neural reward system when positive social stimuli are connected to approach behavior. To test for a modulation of neural activation by approach motivation, individuals with high and low approach motivation (BAS) completed implicit and explicit social approach-avoidance paradigms during fMRI. High approach motivation was associated with faster implicit approach reactions as well as a trend for higher approach ratings, indicating increased approach tendencies. Implicit and explicit positive social approach was accompanied by stronger recruitment of the nucleus accumbens, middle cingulate cortex, and (pre-)cuneus for individuals with high compared to low approach motivation. These results support and extend prior research on social reward processing, self-other distinctions and affective judgments by linking approach motivation to the engagement of reward-related circuits during motivational reactions to social incentives. This interplay between motivational preferences and motivational contexts might underlie the rewarding experience during social interactions.
社会奖励与非社会奖励一样，是由相同的多巴胺能介导的脑网络进行处理的，这表明主观价值存在共同的表征。人格和动机方面的个体差异会影响社会激励的强化价值，但当积极的社会刺激与趋近行为相关联时，神经奖励系统是否同样支持对社会激励的追求仍不明确。为了测试趋近动机对神经激活的调节作用，具有高趋近动机和低趋近动机（行为激活系统）的个体在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）过程中完成了内隐和外显的社会趋近-回避范式。高趋近动机与更快的内隐趋近反应以及更高趋近评分的趋势相关，表明趋近倾向增加。与低趋近动机的个体相比，高趋近动机的个体在内隐和外显的积极社会趋近过程中，伏隔核、中扣带回皮质和（前）楔叶的激活更强。这些结果通过将趋近动机与对社会激励的动机反应过程中奖励相关回路的参与联系起来，支持并扩展了先前关于社会奖励处理、自我-他人区分和情感判断的研究。动机偏好与动机背景之间的这种相互作用可能是社会互动中奖励体验的基础。
