Peter J H, Amend G, Faust M, Meinzer K, Penzel T, Schneider H, Schultze B, von Wichert P
Medizinischen Universitäts-Poliklinik Marburg, BRD.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1989 Jun 15;139(11):264-73.
Sleep apnea and obstructive snoring are sleep related breathing disorders (SRBD). Nevertheless, there is only a quantitative difference between snoring and the obstructive form of sleep apnea. Snoring occurs in at least 20% of the population; 50% of the 50 year old male snore. Although in most of the cases only harmless snoring is concerned. It becomes serious if it leads as the independent SRBD "obstructive snoring" to a continuous oxygen desaturation and a sleep disturbance or, if in cases of sleep apnea a postapnoic snoring is concerned. The snoring pattern "loud and irregular" is always a sign for a serious SRBD. Still, no exact statement can be given concerning the frequency of obstructive snoring. However, the prevalence of sleep apnea in men of the mean age group has been determined to 10%. By the so-called sleep apnea syndrome are summarized clinical pictures with symptoms and findings caused by sleep apnea, respectively with those which can be reduced by sufficiently early introduced therapy. Most frequent symptoms and findings are: hypertension, loud and irregular snoring, daytime sleepiness and nocturnal cardiac arrhythmias. Especially hypersomnia has always to be taken seriously. In relation with other symptoms and findings associated with apnea it is always an indication for the examination for sleep apnea and obstructive snoring.
睡眠呼吸暂停和阻塞性打鼾是与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍（SRBD）。然而，打鼾与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停之间仅存在量的差异。至少20%的人群会打鼾；50岁的男性中有50%打鼾。尽管在大多数情况下，仅涉及无害的打鼾。但如果它作为独立的SRBD“阻塞性打鼾”导致持续的氧饱和度下降和睡眠障碍，或者在睡眠呼吸暂停的情况下涉及呼吸暂停后打鼾，那就会变得严重。“响亮且不规律”的打鼾模式始终是严重SRBD的一个迹象。不过，关于阻塞性打鼾的发生率仍无法给出确切说法。然而，已确定平均年龄组男性中睡眠呼吸暂停的患病率为10%。所谓的睡眠呼吸暂停综合征总结了由睡眠呼吸暂停引起的症状和体征的临床情况，以及那些可通过足够早地引入治疗而减轻的情况。最常见的症状和体征有：高血压、响亮且不规律的打鼾、日间嗜睡和夜间心律失常。尤其是过度嗜睡始终必须予以重视。与其他与呼吸暂停相关的症状和体征相关时，它始终是进行睡眠呼吸暂停和阻塞性打鼾检查的一个指征。
