Clarke Callisia N, Kopetz E Scott
1 Department of Surgical Oncology, 2 Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
J Gastrointest Oncol. 2015 Dec;6(6):660-7. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2015.077.
Despite new and more effective cytotoxic chemotherapy, limitations to conventional agents have been reached in a subset of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). The identification of novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers to guide individualized treatment plans is critical to overcoming therapeutic resistance. Mutation of the BRAF proto-oncogene is linked to a variety of cancers and is increasingly being used as a prognostic tool and therapeutic target. This paper is a comprehensive review of the literature that summarizes the clinical, pathologic, and molecular features of BRAF mutated CRC that support the hypothesis that BRAF mutant cancers represent a distinct subset of CRC with its own clinical implications with regard to prognosis, treatments and emerging therapeutic strategies.
尽管有了新型且更有效的细胞毒性化疗药物，但在一部分晚期结直肠癌（CRC）患者中，传统药物已达到其局限性。识别新的预后和预测生物标志物以指导个体化治疗方案对于克服治疗耐药性至关重要。BRAF原癌基因的突变与多种癌症相关，并且越来越多地被用作预后工具和治疗靶点。本文是一篇文献综述，总结了BRAF突变型CRC的临床、病理和分子特征，支持以下假设：BRAF突变型癌症代表CRC的一个独特亚组，在预后、治疗和新兴治疗策略方面有其自身的临床意义。
