Wagner James M, Alper Hal S
McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St., Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St., Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, United States; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
Fungal Genet Biol. 2016 Apr;89:126-136. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.12.001. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
Coupling the tools of synthetic biology with traditional molecular genetic techniques can enable the rapid prototyping and optimization of yeast strains. While the era of yeast synthetic biology began in the well-characterized model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is swiftly expanding to include non-conventional yeast production systems such as Hansenula polymorpha, Kluyveromyces lactis, Pichia pastoris, and Yarrowia lipolytica. These yeasts already have roles in the manufacture of vaccines, therapeutic proteins, food additives, and biorenewable chemicals, but recent synthetic biology advances have the potential to greatly expand and diversify their impact on biotechnology. In this review, we summarize the development of synthetic biological tools (including promoters and terminators) and enabling molecular genetics approaches that have been applied in these four promising alternative biomanufacturing platforms. An emphasis is placed on synthetic parts and genome editing tools. Finally, we discuss examples of synthetic tools developed in other organisms that can be adapted or optimized for these hosts in the near future.
将合成生物学工具与传统分子遗传技术相结合，可以实现酵母菌株的快速原型设计和优化。虽然酵母合成生物学时代始于特征明确的模式生物酿酒酵母，但它正在迅速扩展，将多形汉逊酵母、乳酸克鲁维酵母、巴斯德毕赤酵母和解脂耶氏酵母等非常规酵母生产系统纳入其中。这些酵母已经在疫苗、治疗性蛋白质、食品添加剂和生物可再生化学品的制造中发挥作用，但最近合成生物学的进展有可能极大地扩大其对生物技术的影响并使其多样化。在本综述中，我们总结了已应用于这四个有前景的替代生物制造平台的合成生物学工具（包括启动子和终止子）以及分子遗传学方法的发展。重点是合成元件和基因组编辑工具。最后，我们讨论了在其他生物体中开发的合成工具的例子，这些工具在不久的将来可以针对这些宿主进行调整或优化。
