Löbs Ann-Kathrin, Schwartz Cory, Wheeldon Ian
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, UC Riverside, Riverside, USA.
Synth Syst Biotechnol. 2017 Aug 31;2(3):198-207. doi: 10.1016/j.synbio.2017.08.002. eCollection 2017 Sep.
Microbial production of chemicals and proteins from biomass-derived and waste sugar streams is a rapidly growing area of research and development. While the model yeast e is an excellent host for the conversion of glucose to ethanol, production of other chemicals from alternative substrates often requires extensive strain engineering. To avoid complex and intensive engineering of other yeasts are often selected as hosts for bioprocessing based on their natural capacity to produce a desired product: for example, the efficient production and secretion of proteins, lipids, and primary metabolites that have value as commodity chemicals. Even when using yeasts with beneficial native phenotypes, metabolic engineering to increase yield, titer, and production rate is essential. The non-conventional yeasts have been developed as eukaryotic hosts because of their desirable phenotypes, including thermotolerance, assimilation of diverse carbon sources, and high protein secretion. However, advanced metabolic engineering in these yeasts has been limited. This review outlines the challenges of using non-conventional yeasts for strain and pathway engineering, and discusses the developed solutions to these problems and the resulting applications in industrial biotechnology.
利用生物质衍生糖流和废糖流进行微生物化学品和蛋白质生产是一个快速发展的研发领域。虽然模式酵母是将葡萄糖转化为乙醇的优良宿主，但从替代底物生产其他化学品通常需要大量的菌株工程改造。为避免对其他酵母进行复杂且密集的工程改造，人们常根据其天然生产所需产品的能力来选择作为生物加工宿主的酵母：例如，高效生产和分泌具有商品化学品价值的蛋白质、脂质和初级代谢产物。即使使用具有有益天然表型的酵母，进行代谢工程以提高产量、滴度和生产率也是必不可少的。非常规酵母因其理想的表型，包括耐热性、对多种碳源的同化能力和高蛋白分泌能力，已被开发为真核宿主。然而，这些酵母中的先进代谢工程一直受到限制。本综述概述了使用非常规酵母进行菌株和途径工程改造的挑战，并讨论了针对这些问题已开发的解决方案以及在工业生物技术中的应用成果。
