Yang Tianan, Shen Yu-Ming, Zhu Mingjing, Liu Yuanling, Deng Jianwei, Chen Qian, See Lai-Chu
Department of Organization and Human Resource Management, School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich 81377, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Dec 23;13(1):ijerph13010072. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13010072.
We examined the effects of co-worker and supervisor support on job stress and presenteeism in an aging workforce. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate data from the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Survey in the United States (n = 1649). The level of presenteeism was low and the level of job stress was moderate among aging US workers. SEM revealed that co-worker support and supervisor support were strongly correlated (β = 0.67; p < 0.001). Job stress had a significant direct positive effect on presenteeism (β = 0.30; p < 0.001). Co-worker support had a significant direct negative effect on job stress (β = -0.10; p < 0.001) and presenteeism (β = -0.11; p < 0.001). Supervisor support had a significant direct negative effect on job stress (β = -0.40; p < 0.001) but not presenteeism. The findings suggest that presenteeism is reduced by increased respect and concern for employee stress at the workplace, by necessary support at work from colleagues and employers, and by the presence of comfortable interpersonal relationships among colleagues and between employers and employees.
我们研究了同事和上级支持对老龄劳动力工作压力及出勤主义的影响。采用结构方程模型对来自美国2010年健康与退休调查（n = 1649）的数据进行评估。美国老龄工作者的出勤主义水平较低，工作压力水平中等。结构方程模型显示，同事支持和上级支持高度相关（β = 0.67；p < 0.001）。工作压力对出勤主义有显著的直接正向影响（β = 0.30；p < 0.001）。同事支持对工作压力（β = -0.10；p < 0.001）和出勤主义（β = -0.11；p < 0.001）有显著的直接负向影响。上级支持对工作压力有显著的直接负向影响（β = -0.40；p < 0.001），但对出勤主义没有影响。研究结果表明，通过在工作场所增加对员工压力的尊重和关注、同事和雇主给予的必要工作支持以及同事之间以及雇主与员工之间建立融洽的人际关系，可以减少出勤主义。
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