Stewart Donna E, Vigod Simone, Riazantseva Ekaterina
UHN Centre for Mental Health, Toronto General Research Institute, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street, EN-7-229, Toronto, M5G2C4, Ontario, Canada.
Women's Health Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 Jan;18(1):4. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0644-3.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health and human rights problem that causes physical, sexual and psychological harms to men and women. IPV includes physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse and/or controlling behaviours perpetrated by a current or previous intimate partner in a heterosexual or same-sex relationship. IPV affects both men and women, but women are disproportionately affected with nearly one third reporting IPV during their lifetime. Physical and sexual harms from IPV include injury, increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy complications and sometimes death. Psychological consequences include depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, impulsivity and suicidality and non-specific physical complaints thought to be related to the traumatic nature and chronic stress of IPV. Children who witness IPV are also negatively impacted in the short and long term. This paper reviews prevalence, risk factors, adverse effects and current evidence-based mental health treatment advice for IPV victims.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是一个全球性的公共卫生和人权问题，会对男性和女性造成身体、性和心理伤害。亲密伴侣暴力包括身体攻击、性胁迫、心理虐待和/或由当前或以前的异性恋或同性关系中的亲密伴侣实施的控制行为。亲密伴侣暴力对男性和女性都会产生影响，但女性受到的影响尤为严重，近三分之一的女性报告在其一生中遭受过亲密伴侣暴力。亲密伴侣暴力造成的身体和性伤害包括受伤、性传播疾病风险增加、妊娠并发症，有时甚至导致死亡。心理后果包括抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍、药物滥用、冲动和自杀倾向，以及一些被认为与亲密伴侣暴力的创伤性质和长期压力有关的非特异性身体不适。目睹亲密伴侣暴力的儿童在短期和长期内也会受到负面影响。本文综述了亲密伴侣暴力受害者的患病率、风险因素、不良影响以及当前基于证据的心理健康治疗建议。
