Cao Yu, Lu Hao, Duan Pengqian, Wang Dongmei, Wei Guojun
The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China.
School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jan 11;14:1241862. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1241862. eCollection 2023.
Interpersonal violence (IPV) against young women, including physical and sexual violence, poses a major threat to public health. We analyzed global, regional and national trends in violence against females aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2019.
We extracted age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPRs) of physical violence by firearm (PVF), physical violence by other means (PVOM), physical violence by sharp object (PVSO), and sexual violence (SV) from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. Joinpoint regression analysis calculated annual and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in ASPRs.
Globally, the ASPRs of the four measures of IPV decreased between 1990 and 2019, with the steepest declines between 2000 and 2009, except for SV, which increased slightly. However, the ASPRs of PVF and PVOM increased slightly between 2010 and 2019. Regionally, PVF prevalence declined most in East Asia (-0.9505, -1.0011 to -0.8975), South Asia (-0.277, -0.3089 to -0.244) and Latin America but PVOM prevalence increased in Oceania (0.6275, 0.6036 to 0.6498) and SV prevalence increased in Caribbean (0.4267, 0.4069 to 0.4495). Nationally, PVF prevalence decreased most in Thailand (-2.4031, -2.4634 to -2.3328) but increased most in Libya (6.8143, 6.6194 to 7.0113). SV prevalence increased most in Oman (0.4561, 0.4338 to 0.478) and the largest increase in Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from PVOM was observed in Botswana (6.2725, 6.0951 to 6.4082). DALYs showed similar trends.
While global declines over 30 years are encouraging, IPV against young women persists. Urgent, tailored approaches across sectors are critical to curb drivers of violence against young women, including poverty, inequality and sociocultural attitudes. High-quality data and in-depth analyses can inform locally-relevant solutions. Overall, intensified political will and resource investment are needed to overcome this pervasive human rights violation.
针对年轻女性的人际暴力（IPV），包括身体暴力和性暴力，对公众健康构成重大威胁。我们分析了1990年至2019年全球、区域和国家层面针对10至24岁女性暴力行为的趋势。
我们从《2019年全球疾病、伤害及风险因素负担研究》中提取了使用火器的身体暴力（PVF）、其他手段的身体暴力（PVOM）、锐器所致身体暴力（PVSO）以及性暴力（SV）的年龄标准化患病率（ASPRs）。Joinpoint回归分析计算了ASPRs的年度变化率和平均年度变化率（AAPCs）。
在全球范围内，1990年至2019年间，这四种IPV衡量指标的ASPRs均有所下降，2000年至2009年间下降最为显著，但SV略有上升。然而，2010年至2019年间，PVF和PVOM的ASPRs略有上升。在区域层面，东亚（-0.9505，-1.0011至-0.8975）、南亚（-0.277，-0.3089至-0.244）和拉丁美洲的PVF患病率下降幅度最大，但大洋洲的PVOM患病率上升（0.6275，0.6036至0.6498），加勒比地区的SV患病率上升（0.4267，0.4069至0.4495）。在国家层面，泰国的PVF患病率下降幅度最大（-2.4031，-2.4634至-2.3328），而利比亚的PVF患病率上升幅度最大（6.8143，6.6194至7.0113）。阿曼的SV患病率上升幅度最大（0.4561，0.4338至0.478），博茨瓦纳观察到PVOM导致的伤残调整生命年（DALYs）增幅最大（6.2725，6.0951至6.4082）。DALYs呈现出类似趋势。
虽然30年来全球范围内的下降趋势令人鼓舞，但针对年轻女性的IPV仍然存在。跨部门采取紧急、量身定制的方法对于遏制针对年轻女性暴力行为的驱动因素至关重要，这些因素包括贫困、不平等和社会文化态度。高质量的数据和深入分析可为因地制宜的解决方案提供依据。总体而言，需要强化政治意愿和资源投入来克服这种普遍存在的侵犯人权行为。
