Shen Min, Gao Jing, Liang Zenzen, Wang Youjie, Du Yukai, Stallones Lorann
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Department of Psychology, Colorado Injury Control Research Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
BMJ Open. 2015 Dec 29;5(12):e007802. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007802.
This study aims to explore the prevalence of depression and anxiety in left-behind children, and to identify patterns of parents' migration and relative factors associated with depression and anxiety risk in this population.
A cross-sectional survey using a school-based sample was conducted in Puyang, Hebei, North China in December 2012.
2283 students aged 10-18 years.
Parental migration status, depression and anxiety disorder.
61.2% of participants were left-behind children. The prevalence rate of depression among left-behind children with both parents migrating (14.2%) was higher than that of children with one parent migrating (11.7%) and no parent migrating (12.6%). The prevalence rate of anxiety disorder for children with no parent migrating (25.1%) was higher than that for children living with one or neither parent (22.2% and 22.0%). The risk factors for depression were low-level social support (OR=3.46, 95% CI 2.00 to 6.01), average academic performance (OR=2.37, 95% CI 1.7 to 3.3) and low academic performance (OR=3.01, 95% CI 1.92 to 4.72), staying up late (OR=1.67, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.39), having difficulty falling asleep (OR=2.04, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.82) and being an only child (OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.89). The factors associated with anxiety disorder were being female (OR=2.09, 95% CI 1.64 to 2.66), being in high school (OR=1.8, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.36), physical abuse (OR=1.5, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.15), having difficulty falling asleep (OR=1.67, 95% CI 1.33 to 2.10) and low-level social support (OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.44 to 3.28) and middle-level social support (OR=1.82, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.56).
Parents' migration was not associated with depression and anxiety in rural children aged 10-18 years, but academic performance at school, sleep problems and lack of social support were associated with depression and anxiety.
本研究旨在探讨留守儿童中抑郁和焦虑的患病率，并确定父母外出务工模式以及与该人群抑郁和焦虑风险相关的因素。
2012年12月在中国北方河北省濮阳市采用基于学校样本的横断面调查。
2283名10 - 18岁的学生。
父母外出务工状况、抑郁和焦虑障碍。
61.2%的参与者为留守儿童。父母双方均外出务工的留守儿童中抑郁患病率（14.2%）高于父母一方外出务工的儿童（11.7%）和父母均未外出务工的儿童（12.6%）。父母均未外出务工的儿童中焦虑障碍患病率（25.1%）高于与父母一方或均不共同生活的儿童（22.2%和22.0%）。抑郁的危险因素为低水平社会支持（OR = 3.46，95%CI 2.00至6.01）、学业成绩中等（OR = 2.37，95%CI 1.7至3.3）和学业成绩差（OR = 3.01，95%CI 1.92至4.72）、熬夜（OR = 1.67，95%CI 1.17至2.39）、入睡困难（OR = 2.04，95%CI 1.48至2.82）以及独生子女（OR = 1.73，95%CI 1.04至2.89）。与焦虑障碍相关的因素为女性（OR = 2.09，95%CI 1.64至2.66）、高中在读（OR = 1.8，95%CI 1.38至2.36）、遭受身体虐待（OR = 1.5，95%CI l.04至2.15）、入睡困难（OR = 1.67，95%CI 1.33至2.10）、低水平社会支持（OR = 2.17，95%CI 1.44至3.28）和中等水平社会支持（OR = 1.82，95%CI 1.3至2.56）。
父母外出务工与10 - 18岁农村儿童的抑郁和焦虑无关，但学校学业成绩、睡眠问题和社会支持缺乏与抑郁和焦虑相关。
