Grosvenor T
College of Optometry, University of Houston, Texas.
Optom Vis Sci. 1989 Jul;66(7):415-9. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198907000-00001.
Methods that have been used by vision practitioners for the control of myopia include visual training, biofeedback training, undercorrection, overcorrection, the use of bifocal lenses, the use of contact lenses, the instillation of atropine, and refractive surgery. With some exceptions the use of these methods has achieved only limited success. The lack of success with the less-invasive methods--which are based on the supposition that myopia is caused by accommodation--may be due to the fact that they are used for eyes that are already myopic and therefore have already undergone axial elongation and scleral stretching. If it were possible to predict which children were at risk for the development of myopia, vision practitioners would be able to institute procedures for the control of myopia when only a minimum of scleral stretching has occurred. Risk factors that warrant investigation include the axial length/corneal radius ratio and the resting state of accommodation.
视力矫正从业者用于控制近视的方法包括视觉训练、生物反馈训练、欠矫正、过矫正、使用双焦点镜片、使用隐形眼镜、滴注阿托品以及屈光手术。除了一些例外情况，这些方法仅取得了有限的成功。基于近视是由调节引起这一假设的侵入性较小的方法之所以未取得成功，可能是因为它们用于已经近视的眼睛，因此这些眼睛已经经历了眼轴伸长和巩膜拉伸。如果能够预测哪些儿童有患近视的风险，视力矫正从业者就能够在巩膜拉伸程度最小的时候采取控制近视的措施。值得研究的风险因素包括眼轴长度/角膜半径比以及调节的静息状态。
