MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW72AZ London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, Faculty of Infection and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria 3000, Australia.
MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW72AZ London, United Kingdom.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2016 Feb;29:81-93. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2015.11.006. Epub 2015 Dec 24.
Secretion systems play a central role in infectious diseases by enabling pathogenic bacteria to deliver virulence factors into target cells. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) mediates bacterial antagonism in various environments including eukaryotic niches, such as the gut. This molecular machine injects lethal toxins directly in target bacterial cells. It provides an advantage to pathogens encountering the commensal flora of the host and indirectly contributes to colonization and persistence. Yet, the T6SS is not employed for the sole purpose of bacterial killing and several T6SS effectors are dedicated to the subversion of eukaryotic cells. As described for type III and type IV secretion systems, these effectors impede host cell functions and promote immune evasion, thereby enabling successful infection.
分泌系统通过使致病菌将毒力因子输送到靶细胞中，在传染病中起着核心作用。 类型 VI 分泌系统（T6SS）介导各种环境中的细菌拮抗作用，包括真核生物生态位，如肠道。 这种分子机器直接将致命毒素注入靶细菌细胞。 它为遇到宿主共生菌群的病原体提供了优势，并间接地促进了定植和持续存在。 然而，T6SS 的使用并非仅仅是为了杀死细菌，一些 T6SS 效应子专门用于破坏真核细胞。 正如描述的 III 型和 IV 型分泌系统一样，这些效应子会阻碍宿主细胞的功能并促进免疫逃避，从而实现成功感染。
