Silver Monica K, Shao Jie, Chen Minjian, Xia Yankai, Lozoff Betsy, Meeker John D
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, MI 48109, USA.
Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Dec 30;13(1):94. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13010094.
Rates of pesticide use in Chinese agriculture are five times greater than the global average, leading to high exposure via the diet. Many are neurotoxic, making prenatal pesticide exposure a concern. Previous studies of prenatal exposure in China focused almost entirely on organochlorines. Here the study goals were to characterize the exposure of Chinese newborns to all classes of pesticides and identify predictors of those exposures. Eighty-four pesticides and 12 metabolites were measured in the umbilical cord plasma of 336 infants. Composite variables were created for totals detected overall and by class. Individual pesticides were analyzed as dichotomous or continuous, based on detection rates. Relationships between demographic characteristics and pesticides were evaluated using generalized linear regression. Seventy-five pesticides were detected. The mean number of detects per sample was 15.3. Increased pesticide detects were found in the cord blood of infants born in the summer (β = 2.2, p = 0.01), particularly in July (β = 4.0, p = 0.03). Similar trends were observed for individual insecticide classes. Thus, a summer birth was the strongest predictor of pesticide evidence in cord blood. Associations were more striking for overall pesticide exposure than for individual pesticides, highlighting the importance of considering exposure to mixtures of pesticides, rather than individual agents or classes.
中国农业中农药的使用量是全球平均水平的五倍，这导致通过饮食摄入的农药量很高。许多农药具有神经毒性，这使得产前接触农药成为一个令人担忧的问题。此前中国关于产前接触农药的研究几乎完全集中在有机氯农药上。本研究的目的是描述中国新生儿接触各类农药的情况，并确定这些接触的预测因素。在336名婴儿的脐带血血浆中检测了84种农药和12种代谢物。针对总体检测量和按类别检测量创建了综合变量。根据检出率，将个体农药作为二分变量或连续变量进行分析。使用广义线性回归评估人口统计学特征与农药之间的关系。共检测到75种农药。每个样本的平均检出数为15.3。夏季出生婴儿的脐带血中农药检出量增加（β = 2.2，p = 0.01），尤其是在7月（β = 4.0，p = 0.03）。在各类杀虫剂中也观察到类似趋势。因此，夏季出生是脐带血中农药证据的最强预测因素。总体农药接触的关联比个体农药更显著，这突出了考虑接触农药混合物而非单一农药或单一类别农药的重要性。
