Blanchard R
Gender Identity Clinic, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Arch Sex Behav. 1989 Aug;18(4):315-34. doi: 10.1007/BF01541951.
This report suggests systematic strategies for the descriptive classification of nonhomosexual gender identity disorders, based on clinical observations and research findings. The classification of biological males is considered first. A review of cross-gender taxonomies shows that previous observers have identified and labeled a homosexual type far more consistently than any other category of male gender dysphoric. It is suggested that the apparent difficulty in differentiating reliably among the nonhomosexual types results from the sharing of many overlapping characteristics by the various groups. This is supported by a review of informal, mostly clinical, observations and by the findings of three studies designed to test the hypothesis that the nonhomosexual gender dysphorias, together with transvestism, constitute a family of related disorders in men. It is concluded that the main varieties of nonhomosexual gender dysphoria are more similar to each other than any of them is to the homosexual type. Two recommendations, based on the foregoing review, are offered for the classification of male gender dysphorics in research studies. When the number of subjects is small, they may be classified simply as homosexual or nonhomosexual. When the number is larger, the nonhomosexual cases may be classified as heterosexual, bisexual, or analloerotic (unattracted to male or female partners, but not necessarily devoid of sexual drive or activities).
本报告基于临床观察和研究结果，提出了对非同性恋性别认同障碍进行描述性分类的系统策略。首先考虑对生物学男性的分类。对跨性别分类法的回顾表明，与其他任何男性性别烦躁类别相比，先前的观察者对同性恋类型的识别和标记更为一致。有人认为，在非同性恋类型之间难以可靠区分的明显困难源于不同群体之间存在许多重叠特征。对非正式的、主要是临床的观察的回顾以及三项旨在检验非同性恋性别烦躁与异装癖构成男性相关障碍家族这一假设的研究结果支持了这一点。得出的结论是，非同性恋性别烦躁的主要类型彼此之间比它们中的任何一种与同性恋类型更相似。基于上述回顾，针对研究中男性性别烦躁者的分类提出了两条建议。当受试者数量较少时，他们可以简单地分为同性恋或非同性恋。当数量较多时，非同性恋病例可以分为异性恋、双性恋或无性恋（对男性或女性伴侣无吸引力，但不一定没有性冲动或性行为）。
