Kent Jerillyn S, Bolbecker Amanda R, O'Donnell Brian F, Hetrick William P
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Larue D. Carter Memorial Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Front Psychiatry. 2015 Dec 18;6:146. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00146. eCollection 2015.
There is accruing evidence of cerebellar abnormalities in schizophrenia. The theory of cognitive dysmetria considers cerebellar dysfunction a key component of schizophrenia. Delay eyeblink conditioning (EBC), a cerebellar-dependent translational probe, is a behavioral index of cerebellar integrity. The circuitry underlying EBC has been well characterized by non-human animal research, revealing the cerebellum as the essential circuitry for the associative learning instantiated by this task. However, there have been persistent inconsistencies in EBC findings in schizophrenia. This article thoroughly reviews published studies investigating EBC in schizophrenia, with an emphasis on possible effects of antipsychotic medication and stimulus and analysis parameters on reports of EBC performance in schizophrenia. Results indicate a consistent finding of impaired EBC performance in schizophrenia, as measured by decreased rates of conditioning, and that medication or study design confounds do not account for this impairment. Results are discussed within the context of theoretical and neurochemical models of schizophrenia.
越来越多的证据表明精神分裂症患者存在小脑异常。认知失调理论认为小脑功能障碍是精神分裂症的关键组成部分。延迟眨眼条件反射（EBC）是一种依赖小脑的转化性检测方法，是小脑完整性的行为指标。非人类动物研究已经很好地描述了EBC的潜在神经回路，揭示小脑是该任务所体现的联想学习的关键神经回路。然而，精神分裂症患者EBC的研究结果一直存在不一致性。本文全面回顾了已发表的关于精神分裂症患者EBC的研究，重点关注抗精神病药物以及刺激和分析参数对精神分裂症患者EBC表现报告的可能影响。结果表明，以条件反射率降低来衡量，精神分裂症患者EBC表现受损是一个一致的发现，并且药物或研究设计的混杂因素并不能解释这种损害。将在精神分裂症的理论和神经化学模型背景下讨论这些结果。
