Rodríguez Vivian M, Corona Rosalie, Bodurtha Joann N, Quillin John M
a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York , USA.
b Department of Psychology , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA.
J Health Commun. 2016;21(3):346-55. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1080328. Epub 2016 Jan 6.
Family health history about cancer is an important prevention and health promotion tool. Yet few studies have identified family context factors that promote such discussions. We explored relations among family context (cohesion, flexibility, and openness), self-efficacy, and cancer communication (gathering family history, sharing cancer risk information, and frequency) in a diverse group of women enrolled in a randomized control trial. Baseline survey data for 472 women were analyzed. The women's average age was 34 years, 59% identified as Black, 31% had graduated high school, and 75% reported a family history of any cancer. Results showed that greater family cohesion and flexibility were related to higher communication frequency and sharing cancer information. Women who reported greater self-efficacy were more likely to have gathered family history, shared cancer risk information, and communicated more frequently with relatives. Openness was not associated with communication but was related to greater family cohesion and flexibility. Adjusting for demographic variables, self-efficacy, and family cohesion significantly predicted communication frequency. Women with higher self-efficacy were also more likely to have gathered family health history about cancer and shared cancer risk information. Future research may benefit from considering family organization and self-efficacy when developing psychosocial theories that in turn inform cancer prevention interventions.
癌症家族健康史是一种重要的预防和健康促进工具。然而，很少有研究确定促进此类讨论的家庭背景因素。我们在一组参与随机对照试验的不同女性群体中，探讨了家庭背景（凝聚力、灵活性和开放性）、自我效能感与癌症沟通（收集家族病史、分享癌症风险信息及频率）之间的关系。对472名女性的基线调查数据进行了分析。这些女性的平均年龄为34岁，59%为黑人，31%高中毕业，75%报告有任何癌症家族史。结果显示，更强的家庭凝聚力和灵活性与更高的沟通频率及分享癌症信息相关。报告自我效能感更强的女性更有可能收集家族病史、分享癌症风险信息，并与亲属更频繁地交流。开放性与沟通无关，但与更强的家庭凝聚力和灵活性相关。调整人口统计学变量、自我效能感和家庭凝聚力后，显著预测了沟通频率。自我效能感较高的女性也更有可能收集癌症家族健康史并分享癌症风险信息。未来的研究在发展社会心理理论（进而为癌症预防干预提供信息）时，考虑家庭组织和自我效能感可能会有所助益。
