Winston Ryan J, Al-Rubaei Ahmed M, Blecken Godecke T, Viklander Maria, Hunt William F
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7625, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187, Luleå, Sweden.
J Environ Manage. 2016 Mar 15;169:132-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.12.026. Epub 2015 Dec 28.
The surface infiltration rates (SIR) of permeable pavements decline with time as sediment and debris clog pore spaces. Effective maintenance techniques are needed to ensure the hydraulic functionality and water quality benefits of this stormwater control. Eight different small-scale and full-scale maintenance techniques aimed at recovering pavement permeability were evaluated at ten different permeable pavement sites in the USA and Sweden. Maintenance techniques included manual removal of the upper 2 cm of fill material, mechanical street sweeping, regenerative-air street sweeping, vacuum street sweeping, hand-held vacuuming, high pressure washing, and milling of porous asphalt. The removal of the upper 2 cm of clogging material did not significantly improve the SIR of concrete grid paves (CGP) and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP) due to the inclusion of fines in the joint and bedding stone during construction, suggesting routine maintenance cannot overcome improper construction. For porous asphalt maintenance, industrial hand-held vacuum cleaning, pressure washing, and milling were increasingly successful at recovering the SIR. Milling to a depth of 2.5 cm nearly restored the SIR for a 21-year old porous asphalt pavement to like-new conditions. For PICP, street sweepers employing suction were shown to be preferable to mechanical sweepers; additionally, maintenance efforts may become more intensive over time to maintain a threshold SIR, as maintenance was not 100% effective at removing clogging material.
随着沉积物和碎屑堵塞孔隙空间，透水路面的表面渗透率（SIR）会随时间下降。需要有效的维护技术来确保这种雨水控制措施在水力功能和水质方面的效益。在美国和瑞典的10个不同的透水路面场地，对旨在恢复路面渗透性的8种不同的小规模和全规模维护技术进行了评估。维护技术包括手动清除上部2厘米的填充材料、机械街道清扫、再生空气街道清扫、真空街道清扫、手持式吸尘、高压冲洗以及对多孔沥青进行铣刨。由于在施工过程中接缝和垫层石料中含有细料，清除上部2厘米的堵塞材料并不能显著提高混凝土网格路面（CGP）和透水联锁混凝土路面（PICP）的SIR，这表明常规维护无法克服施工不当的问题。对于多孔沥青的维护，工业手持式真空清洁、压力冲洗和铣刨在恢复SIR方面越来越成功。对一条使用了21年的多孔沥青路面铣刨2.5厘米的深度几乎可使其SIR恢复到近乎全新的状态。对于PICP，采用吸力的街道清扫车被证明比机械清扫车更可取；此外，随着时间的推移，维护工作可能需要更加密集，以维持阈值SIR，因为维护在清除堵塞材料方面并非100%有效。
