Sa-Nguanmoo Piangkwan, Chattipakorn Nipon, Chattipakorn Siriporn C
Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Metab Brain Dis. 2016 Apr;31(2):239-48. doi: 10.1007/s11011-015-9789-3. Epub 2016 Jan 6.
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endocrine hormone, playing an important role in the regulation of metabolism. FGF21 is primarily expressed by several tissues, including liver, pancreas, thymus, heart, muscle, adipose tissue, and brain. In addition to the effects of FGF21 in lowering glucose and lipid levels, increasing insulin sensitivity and regulating energy homeostasis in rodents and non-human primate models of diabetes and obesity, previous reports have demonstrated that FGF21 also plays an important role in the brain involving it in potential effects in metabolic regulation, neuroprotection and cognition. In this review, the current available evidence from both in vitro and in vivo investigations regarding the roles of FGF21 and its function in the brain are comprehensively summarized. In addition, the mechanistic insights regarding the roles of FGF21 in the brain and its potential neuroprotective benefits are also presented and discussed.
成纤维细胞生长因子21（FGF21）是一种内分泌激素，在代谢调节中发挥重要作用。FGF21主要由包括肝脏、胰腺、胸腺、心脏、肌肉、脂肪组织和大脑在内的多种组织表达。除了FGF21在降低血糖和血脂水平、提高胰岛素敏感性以及调节糖尿病和肥胖啮齿动物及非人类灵长类动物模型的能量稳态方面的作用外，先前的报道表明，FGF21在大脑中也起着重要作用，涉及代谢调节、神经保护和认知方面的潜在作用。在这篇综述中，全面总结了来自体外和体内研究的关于FGF21在大脑中的作用及其功能的现有证据。此外，还介绍并讨论了关于FGF21在大脑中的作用及其潜在神经保护益处的机制见解。
