Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Jun;30(6):1239-1247. doi: 10.1002/oby.23432. Epub 2022 May 2.
This study examined associations between BMI and dietary sugar intake with sucrose-induced fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and whether circulating FGF21 is associated with brain signaling following sucrose ingestion in humans.
A total of 68 adults (29 male; mean [SD), age 23.2 [3.8] years; BMI 27.1 [4.9] kg/m ) attended visits after a 12-hour fast. Plasma FGF21 was measured at baseline and at 15, 30, and 120 minutes after sucrose ingestion (75 g in 300 mL of water). Brain cerebral blood flow responses to sucrose were measured using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging.
Higher circulating FGF21 levels were associated with reduced blood flow in the striatum in response to sucrose (β = -7.63, p = 0.03). This association was greatest among persons with healthy weight (β = -15.70, p = 0.007) and was attenuated in people with overweight (β = -4.00, p = 0.63) and obesity (β = -12.45, p = 0.13). BMI was positively associated with FGF21 levels in response to sucrose (β = 0.53, p = 0.02). High versus low dietary sugar intake was associated with greater FGF21 responses to acute sucrose ingestion in individuals with healthy weight (β = 8.51, p = 0.04) but not in individuals with overweight or obesity (p > 0.05).
These correlative findings support evidence in animals showing that FGF21 acts on the brain to regulate sugar consumption through a negative feedback loop.
本研究旨在探讨人体体重指数（BMI）和膳食糖摄入量与蔗糖诱导的成纤维细胞生长因子 21（FGF21）之间的关系，以及循环 FGF21 是否与人类摄入蔗糖后大脑信号有关。
共有 68 名成年人（29 名男性；平均[标准差]年龄 23.2[3.8]岁；BMI 27.1[4.9]kg/m²）在禁食 12 小时后参加了检查。在摄入蔗糖（75g 溶于 300ml 水中）后 15、30 和 120 分钟，测量血浆 FGF21。使用动脉自旋标记磁共振成像测量蔗糖对大脑脑血流的反应。
较高的循环 FGF21 水平与蔗糖刺激下纹状体血流减少有关（β=-7.63，p=0.03）。这种关联在体重健康的人群中最大（β=-15.70，p=0.007），而在超重人群中减弱（β=-4.00，p=0.63），在肥胖人群中则不明显（β=-12.45，p=0.13）。BMI 与蔗糖刺激下 FGF21 水平呈正相关（β=0.53，p=0.02）。高糖饮食与健康体重个体急性蔗糖摄入后 FGF21 反应增强有关（β=8.51，p=0.04），但与超重或肥胖个体无关（p>0.05）。
这些相关性发现支持了动物研究的证据，表明 FGF21 通过负反馈环作用于大脑，调节糖的摄入。
