Bart Borghans, Judith R Homberg, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
World J Psychiatry. 2015 Dec 22;5(4):387-96. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v5.i4.387.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common anxiety disorder characterised by its persistence of symptoms after a traumatic experience. Although some patients can be cured, many do not benefit enough from the psychological therapies or medication strategies used. Many researchers use animal models to learn more about the disorder and several models are available. The most-used physical stressor models are single-prolonged stress, restraint stress, foot shock, stress-enhanced fear learning, and underwater trauma. Common social stressors are housing instability, social instability, early-life stress, and social defeat. Psychological models are not as diverse and rely on controlled exposure to the test animal's natural predator. While validation of these models has been resolved with replicated symptoms using analogous stressors, translating new findings to human patients remains essential for their impact on the field. Choosing a model to experiment with can be challenging; this overview of what is possible with individual models may aid in making a decision.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是一种常见的焦虑障碍，其特征是在创伤经历后症状持续存在。尽管一些患者可以治愈，但许多患者并没有从心理治疗或药物治疗策略中获益足够。许多研究人员使用动物模型来更深入地了解这种疾病，并且有几种模型可用。最常用的躯体应激模型是单一延长应激、束缚应激、足底电击、应激增强恐惧学习和水下创伤。常见的社会应激源包括住房不稳定、社会不稳定、早期生活压力和社会挫败。心理模型则没有那么多样化，依赖于对实验动物的自然捕食者进行有控制的暴露。虽然使用类似的应激源复制症状已经验证了这些模型的有效性，但将新的发现转化为人类患者仍然是其对该领域产生影响的关键。选择一个模型进行实验可能具有挑战性；本文对各个模型的可能性进行了概述，可能有助于做出决策。
