Benedetto Alessandro, Binda Paola
Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and.
Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Pisa, Italy
J Neurophysiol. 2016 Mar;115(3):1243-51. doi: 10.1152/jn.00964.2015. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
We measured pupillary constrictions in response to full-screen flashes of variable luminance, occurring either at the onset of a saccadic eye movement or well before/after it. A large fraction of perisaccadic flashes were undetectable to the subjects, consistent with saccadic suppression of visual sensitivity. Likewise, pupillary responses to perisaccadic flashes were strongly suppressed. However, the two phenomena appear to be dissociable. Across subjects and luminance levels of the flash stimulus, there were cases in which conscious perception of the flash was completely depleted yet the pupillary response was clearly present, as well as cases in which the opposite occurred. On one hand, the fact that pupillary light responses are subject to saccadic suppression reinforces evidence that this is not a simple reflex but depends on the integration of retinal illumination with complex "extraretinal" cues. On the other hand, the relative independence of pupillary and perceptual responses suggests that suppression acts separately on these systems-consistent with the idea of multiple visual pathways that are differentially affected by saccades.
我们测量了瞳孔对不同亮度全屏闪光的收缩反应，这些闪光出现在眼球扫视运动开始时，或者在其之前/之后很久。大部分扫视期间的闪光受试者无法察觉，这与视觉敏感性的扫视抑制一致。同样，对扫视期间闪光的瞳孔反应也受到强烈抑制。然而，这两种现象似乎是可分离的。在不同受试者和闪光刺激的亮度水平下，存在这样的情况：对闪光的有意识感知完全消失，但瞳孔反应明显存在，也存在相反的情况。一方面，瞳孔光反应受到扫视抑制这一事实进一步证明，这不是一个简单的反射，而是依赖于视网膜光照与复杂的“视网膜外”线索的整合。另一方面，瞳孔反应和感知反应的相对独立性表明，抑制作用分别作用于这些系统，这与多个视觉通路受扫视不同影响的观点一致。
