Edmonds Lisa, Cashin Andrew, Heartfield Marie
School of Health & Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia.
Int Nurs Rev. 2016 Jun;63(2):162-79. doi: 10.1111/inr.12235. Epub 2016 Jan 8.
This study aimed to determine whether registered nurse Australian specialty competency standards identified unique capabilities of nursing practice.
Use of the term specialist in nursing commenced early in the twentieth century with the growth and diversification of postgraduate nursing education. Courses in speciality nursing were associated with the development of specialty competency standards in Australia.
Australian specialty standards were mapped against the current national competency standards for the registered nurse. Content analysis was used to cross-map the standards to the national standard domains of professional practice, critical thinking and analysis, provision and coordination of care, and collaborative and therapeutic practice.
Of the 28 sourced speciality standards, only the nursing informatics standards displayed unique elements of nursing practice. Other nursing capabilities such as leadership and person-centred care were prominent in speciality standards, while more difficult to interpret in the national standards. In addition, developmental and intellectual disability nursing was not evident in the national competency standards.
The findings above identified that nursing informatics were the only specialty standards that displayed unique capabilities of nursing practice when compared with the national competency standards. This raises the question of the value add specialty standards have on practice.
Very few unique capabilities of specialty nursing were expressed in these standards. The study identified that they had more potential in assisting registered nurses to interpret their national competency standards into specialist practice contexts.
It is proposed that specific performance indicators of how the registered nurse standards are applied in the specialty context are developed in place of multiple specialty standards.
本研究旨在确定澳大利亚注册护士专业能力标准是否明确了护理实践的独特能力。
随着研究生护理教育的发展和多样化，护理领域中“专科护士”这一术语于20世纪初开始使用。澳大利亚的专科护理课程与专科能力标准的制定相关。
将澳大利亚的专科标准与现行的注册护士国家能力标准进行比对。采用内容分析法，将这些标准交叉映射到专业实践、批判性思维与分析、护理提供与协调以及协作与治疗性实践等国家标准领域。
在获取的28项专科标准中，只有护理信息学标准展现出护理实践的独特要素。其他护理能力，如领导力和以患者为中心的护理，在专科标准中较为突出，而在国家标准中则更难解读。此外，发育障碍与智力障碍护理在国家能力标准中并不明显。
上述结果表明，与国家能力标准相比，护理信息学是唯一展现出护理实践独特能力的专科标准。这引发了关于专科标准对实践的附加价值的问题。
这些标准中很少体现专科护理的独特能力。该研究表明，它们在协助注册护士将国家能力标准应用于专科实践情境方面更具潜力。
建议制定关于注册护士标准在专科情境中如何应用的具体绩效指标，以取代多项专科标准。
