Singh Satbir, Bajaj Bijender Kumar
a School of Biotechnology , University of Jammu , Bawe Wali Rakh , Jammu , India.
Prep Biochem Biotechnol. 2016 Oct 2;46(7):717-24. doi: 10.1080/10826068.2015.1135455.
Cost-effective production of proteases, which are robust enough to function under harsh process conditions, is always sought after due to their wide industrial application spectra. Solid-state production of enzymes using agro-industrial wastes as substrates is an environment-friendly approach, and it has several advantages such as high productivity, cost-effectiveness, being less labor-intensive, and less effluent production, among others. In the current study, different agro-wastes were employed for thermoalkali-stable protease production from Bacillus subtilis K-1 under solid-state fermentation. Agricultural residues such as cotton seed cake supported maximum protease production (728 U ml(-1)), which was followed by gram husk (714 U ml(-1)), mustard cake (680 U ml(-1)), and soybean meal (653 U ml(-1)). Plackett-Burman design of experiment showed that peptone, moisture content, temperature, phosphates, and inoculum size were the significant variables that influenced the protease production. Furthermore, statistical optimization of three variables, namely peptone, moisture content, and incubation temperature, by response surface methodology resulted in 40% enhanced protease production as compared to that under unoptimized conditions (from initial 728 to 1020 U ml(-1)). Thus, solid-state fermentation coupled with design of experiment tools represents a cost-effective strategy for production of industrial enzymes.
由于蛋白酶在广泛的工业应用领域中具有重要作用，因此一直以来人们都在寻求能够在苛刻工艺条件下稳定发挥作用且具有成本效益的蛋白酶生产方法。利用农业工业废弃物作为底物进行酶的固态生产是一种环境友好型方法，它具有诸多优点，如高生产率、成本效益高、劳动强度低以及废水产量少等。在本研究中，采用不同的农业废弃物作为底物，通过固态发酵从枯草芽孢杆菌K-1生产热碱稳定蛋白酶。农业残渣如棉籽饼支持最高的蛋白酶产量（728 U ml⁻¹），其次是谷壳（714 U ml⁻¹）、芥菜饼（680 U ml⁻¹）和豆粕（653 U ml⁻¹）。Plackett-Burman实验设计表明，蛋白胨、水分含量、温度、磷酸盐和接种量是影响蛋白酶生产的显著变量。此外，通过响应面法对蛋白胨、水分含量和培养温度这三个变量进行统计优化后，与未优化条件相比，蛋白酶产量提高了40%（从最初的728 U ml⁻¹提高到1020 U ml⁻¹）。因此，固态发酵与实验设计工具相结合是一种生产工业酶的具有成本效益的策略。
