Manea Aniko, Boia Marioara, Iacob Daniela, Dima Mirabela, Iacob Radu Emil
Department of Neonatology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
Singapore Med J. 2016 Nov;57(11):616-618. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2016002. Epub 2016 Jan 6.
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants (i.e. preterm infants weighing < 1,000 g) often present with morphofunctional multiple organ immaturity. This study aimed to determine whether early enteral feeding improves digestive tolerance, and whether there is a difference in growth between ELBW infants who were fed with formula and those who were fed with breast milk.
This study was conducted from 2012-2013 and involved 34 ELBW infants from the Preterm Neonatology Clinic of the 'Louis Turcanu' Clinical Children's Hospital Timisoara, Romania. Early enteral nutrition was introduced for all the infants - Group I was fed with formula, while Group II was fed with breast milk. Infants in each group were given their designated type of milk (formula/breast milk), using the same feeding method and the same volume rate advancement. They were monitored for any evidence of digestive intolerance (i.e. clinical signs of infection and necrotising enterocolitis [NEC]). Their growth curves and signs of infection were also monitored.
The average weight gained per week was greater among the infants in Group II than in Group I (120.83 g vs 97.27 g). The incidence of infection was 100% in Group I and 66.6% in Group II. Two of the infants in Group I developed NEC.
Early enteral feeding helped to improve the weight of ELBW infants. Breast milk was more effective than formula at improving the weight of these infants. Feeding with formula increased the incidence of NEC, invasive infection and morbidity among ELBW infants.
极低出生体重（ELBW）婴儿（即体重<1000克的早产儿）常表现出形态功能多器官不成熟。本研究旨在确定早期肠内喂养是否能提高消化耐受性，以及用配方奶喂养的ELBW婴儿和用母乳喂养的ELBW婴儿在生长方面是否存在差异。
本研究于2012年至2013年进行，涉及罗马尼亚蒂米什瓦拉“路易·图尔卡努”临床儿童医院早产儿科的34名ELBW婴儿。所有婴儿均采用早期肠内营养——第一组用配方奶喂养，第二组用母乳喂养。每组婴儿采用相同的喂养方法和相同的奶量增加速率，给予其指定类型的奶（配方奶/母乳）。监测他们是否有消化不耐受的迹象（即感染和坏死性小肠结肠炎[NEC]的临床症状）。还监测他们的生长曲线和感染迹象。
第二组婴儿每周的平均体重增加量高于第一组（120.83克对97.27克）。第一组的感染发生率为100%，第二组为66.6%。第一组中有两名婴儿发生了NEC。
早期肠内喂养有助于提高ELBW婴儿的体重。母乳在提高这些婴儿体重方面比配方奶更有效。用配方奶喂养会增加ELBW婴儿发生NEC、侵袭性感染和发病的几率。
