我们能否通过对肠道微生物群进行饮食调节来预防肥胖相关的代谢性疾病？
Can We Prevent Obesity-Related Metabolic Diseases by Dietary Modulation of the Gut Microbiota?
作者信息
Brahe Lena K, Astrup Arne, Larsen Lesli H
机构信息
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Adv Nutr. 2016 Jan 15;7(1):90-101. doi: 10.3945/an.115.010587. Print 2016 Jan.
Obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers, which are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases are characterized by specific alterations in the human gut microbiota. Experimental studies with gut microbiota transplantations in mice and in humans indicate that a specific gut microbiota composition can be the cause and not just the consequence of the obese state and metabolic disease, which suggests a potential for gut microbiota modulation in prevention and treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases. In addition, dietary intervention studies have suggested that modulation of the gut microbiota can improve metabolic risk markers in humans, but a causal role of the gut microbiota in such studies has not yet been established. Here, we review and discuss the role of the gut microbiota in obesity-related metabolic diseases and the potential of dietary modulation of the gut microbiota in metabolic disease prevention and treatment.
肥胖会增加患2型糖尿病、心血管疾病和某些癌症的风险，而这些疾病是全球主要的死亡原因。肥胖及与肥胖相关的代谢性疾病的特征是人类肠道微生物群发生特定改变。在小鼠和人类身上进行的肠道微生物群移植实验研究表明，特定的肠道微生物群组成可能是肥胖状态和代谢性疾病的原因，而不仅仅是其结果，这表明肠道微生物群调节在预防和治疗肥胖相关代谢性疾病方面具有潜力。此外，饮食干预研究表明，调节肠道微生物群可以改善人类的代谢风险指标，但在这类研究中，肠道微生物群的因果作用尚未确立。在此，我们回顾并讨论肠道微生物群在肥胖相关代谢性疾病中的作用，以及饮食调节肠道微生物群在代谢性疾病预防和治疗中的潜力。
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