Erejuwa Omotayo O, Sulaiman Siti A, Ab Wahab Mohd S
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Mar 7;15(3):4158-88. doi: 10.3390/ijms15034158.
The gut microbiota plays a number of important roles including digestion, metabolism, extraction of nutrients, synthesis of vitamins, prevention against pathogen colonization, and modulation of the immune system. Alterations or changes in composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiota have been associated with many gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Recent evidence suggests that altered composition and diversity of gut microbiota may play a role in the increased prevalence of metabolic diseases. This review article has two main objectives. First, it underscores approaches (such as probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial agents, bariatric surgery, and weight loss strategies) and their prospects in modulating the gut microbiota in the management of metabolic diseases. Second, it highlights some of the current challenges and discusses areas of future research as it relates to the gut microbiota and metabolic diseases. The prospect of modulating the gut microbiota seems promising. However, considering that research investigating the role of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases is still in its infancy, more rigorous and well-designed in vitro, animal and clinical studies are needed.
肠道微生物群发挥着许多重要作用，包括消化、代谢、营养物质提取、维生素合成、预防病原体定植以及调节免疫系统。肠道微生物群的组成和生物多样性的改变或变化与许多胃肠道（GIT）疾病有关，如炎症性肠病和结肠癌。最近的证据表明，肠道微生物群组成和多样性的改变可能在代谢性疾病患病率增加中起作用。这篇综述文章有两个主要目标。首先，它强调了一些方法（如益生菌、益生元、抗菌剂、减肥手术和减肥策略）及其在调节肠道微生物群以管理代谢性疾病方面的前景。其次，它突出了一些当前的挑战，并讨论了与肠道微生物群和代谢性疾病相关的未来研究领域。调节肠道微生物群的前景似乎很有希望。然而，鉴于研究肠道微生物群在代谢性疾病中作用的研究仍处于起步阶段，需要更严格且设计良好的体外、动物和临床研究。
