College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA.
Gut Microbes. 2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2387796. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2387796. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Given the worldwide epidemic of overweight and obesity among children, evidence-based dietary recommendations are fundamentally important for obesity prevention. Although the significance of the human gut microbiome in shaping the physiological effects of diet and obesity has been widely recognized, nutritional therapeutics for the mitigation of pediatric obesity globally are only just starting to leverage advancements in the nutritional microbiology field. In this review, we extracted data from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, Cochrane Library and Wiley online library that focuses on the characterization of gut microbiota (including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea) in children with obesity. We further review host-microbe interactions as mechanisms mediating the physiological effects of dietary fibers and how fibers alter the gut microbiota in children with obesity. Contemporary nutritional recommendations for the prevention of pediatric obesity are also discussed from a gut microbiological perspective. Finally, we propose an experimental framework for integrating gut microbiota into nutritional interventions for children with obesity and provide recommendations for the design of future studies on precision nutrition for pediatric obesity.
鉴于全球儿童超重和肥胖的流行，基于证据的饮食建议对于肥胖预防至关重要。尽管人类肠道微生物组在塑造饮食和肥胖的生理效应方面的重要性已得到广泛认可，但在全球范围内针对儿童肥胖的营养治疗方法才刚刚开始利用营养微生物学领域的进展。在这篇综述中，我们从 PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus、Web of Science、Google Scholar、CNKI、Cochrane Library 和 Wiley Online Library 中提取了数据，这些数据集中的研究重点是肥胖儿童的肠道微生物群（包括细菌、真菌、病毒和古菌）的特征。我们进一步综述了宿主-微生物相互作用作为介导膳食纤维生理效应的机制，以及膳食纤维如何改变肥胖儿童的肠道微生物群。本文还从肠道微生物学的角度讨论了预防儿童肥胖的当代营养建议。最后，我们提出了一个将肠道微生物群纳入肥胖儿童营养干预的实验框架，并为儿科肥胖精准营养的未来研究设计提供了建议。
