Burgoyne Mary Jo, Bingen Kristin, Leuck Julianne, Dasgupta Mahua, Ryan Polly, Hoffmann Raymond G
1 Cancer Network, Froedtert and the Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
2 Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 2015 Jun;4(2):56-63. doi: 10.1089/jayao.2014.0005. Epub 2015 Jun 2.
Little is known about cancer-related distress during young adulthood. Results from the few studies that have directly assessed this age group have indicated that young adults (YAs) may be at greater risk of developing psychosocial difficulties due to their unique challenges of coping with cancer. This study's objective was to investigate cancer-related distress in YAs compared to older adults.
This retrospective cross-sectional study compared the distress level of YAs (18-39 years old) with that of middle-aged (40-64 years old) and senior adults (65-90 years old) using the Distress Thermometer (DT) and associated Problem List (PL). Factors that may be associated with distress by age group were examined, including demographics, cancer type, and PL items endorsed.
YAs had higher cancer-related distress than senior adults but similar distress levels to middle-aged adults. Findings from distress comparisons across demographics, cancer types, and PL items endorsed suggest that YAs and middle-aged adults had similar distress patterns when compared to senior adults, who had the lowest DT scores. Multivariable analyses indicated age-related risk factors for high distress, including gynecologic cancers for YAs; divorced, single, or unemployed statuses for middle-aged adults; and being of Hispanic ethnicity for senior adults. Female gender and practical, emotional, and physical problems were associated with distress for all age groups.
There is a differential impact of cancer by age. It is important to screen for cancer-related distress, paying attention to risk factors by age to determine age-appropriate supportive care needs.
关于青年期与癌症相关的痛苦知之甚少。少数直接评估该年龄组的研究结果表明，由于应对癌症面临独特挑战，青年成年人（YAs）可能有更大的心理社会困难发展风险。本研究的目的是调查与老年成年人相比，青年成年人中与癌症相关的痛苦情况。
这项回顾性横断面研究使用痛苦温度计（DT）和相关问题清单（PL）比较了青年成年人（18 - 39岁）与中年（40 - 64岁）和老年成年人（65 - 90岁）的痛苦水平。研究了可能按年龄组与痛苦相关的因素，包括人口统计学特征、癌症类型和认可的PL项目。
青年成年人的癌症相关痛苦高于老年成年人，但与中年成年人的痛苦水平相似。跨人口统计学特征、癌症类型和认可的PL项目的痛苦比较结果表明，与DT得分最低的老年成年人相比，青年成年人和中年成年人有相似的痛苦模式。多变量分析表明了与高痛苦相关的年龄风险因素，包括青年成年人中的妇科癌症；中年成年人中的离婚、单身或失业状态；以及老年成年人中的西班牙裔种族。所有年龄组中，女性性别以及实际、情感和身体问题都与痛苦相关。
癌症对不同年龄有不同影响。筛查与癌症相关的痛苦很重要，要关注按年龄的风险因素，以确定适合年龄的支持性护理需求。
