Hattori T
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
Nihon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi. 1989 Aug;63(8):750-63.
A comparative study between X-ray and ultrasonography was carried out in the hips of neonates and infants, for the purpose of evaluating the usefulness and possibility of the latter method. We studied 902 hips between the ages of one day and eighteen months. Thirty-seven dislocations, seventeen subluxations, and eighty eight dysplastic hips were detected by X-ray. A sonographic study was done by Graf's method. All dislocations and subluxations could be diagnosed by ultrasonography too, but about half of the dysplastic hips could not be distinguished from normal hips by this method. This method is more useful than X-ray for patients under the age of three months, since the cartilaginous femoral head and the soft tissues around the hip could be clearly visualized. Ultrasonography thus appears to be a useful screening method for congenital dislocation of the hips without the hazard of radiation caused by X-ray.
为了评估超声检查法在新生儿及婴儿髋关节检查中的实用性及可行性，我们对X射线检查法和超声检查法进行了一项对比研究。我们研究了902例年龄在1天至18个月之间的髋关节。通过X射线检查发现了37例脱位、17例半脱位以及88例发育不良的髋关节。采用格拉夫（Graf）法进行了超声检查。所有的脱位和半脱位也都能通过超声检查诊断出来，但是约一半发育不良的髋关节通过这种方法无法与正常髋关节区分开来。对于3个月以下的患儿，这种方法比X射线检查更有用，因为超声能清晰显示软骨股骨头及髋关节周围的软组织。因此，超声检查似乎是一种用于先天性髋关节脱位的有用筛查方法，且不存在X射线辐射危害。
