Rosendahl K, Lie R T, Markestad T
Røntgenavdelingen Barneradiologisk seksjon Haukeland Sykehus, Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1997 Jan 30;117(3):346-52.
Despite the introduction of clinical screening and early treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH), the prevalence of subluxated/luxated hips in later infancy is still reported to be as high as 1-3 per 1,000 infants. Using ultrasound, it is possible to evaluate both hip morphology and hip stability. Hip morphology is best evaluated using Graf's coronal section through the deepest part of the acetabulum. Classification of the hips into different categories can then be based on measuring the angle of inclination of the acetabulum (alpha-angle) or femoral had coverage. Hip stability can be assessed by a Barlow-equivalent provocation test during the ultrasound examination. In the Norwegian newborn population approximately 85% of the infants have morphologically normal hips (based on the alpha-angle) while 12% have immature and 3% dysplastic hips. About 80-90% of infants with dysplastic acetabula show only minor changes, and many of the hips may normalize without treatment. Several studies indicate that universal ultrasound screening might reduce the occurrence of late diagnosed congenital dislocation of the hip.
尽管已开展先天性髋关节脱位（CDH）的临床筛查和早期治疗，但据报道，晚期婴儿期半脱位/脱位髋关节的患病率仍高达每1000名婴儿中有1 - 3例。使用超声可以评估髋关节形态和髋关节稳定性。髋关节形态最好通过Graf冠状切面在髋臼最深部进行评估。然后可以根据测量髋臼倾斜角（α角）或股骨头覆盖率将髋关节分为不同类别。在超声检查期间，可以通过类似Barlow激发试验评估髋关节稳定性。在挪威新生儿群体中，约85%的婴儿髋关节形态正常（基于α角），12%的婴儿髋关节发育不成熟，3%的婴儿髋关节发育异常。约80 - 90%髋臼发育异常的婴儿仅表现出轻微变化，许多髋关节未经治疗可能会恢复正常。多项研究表明，普遍的超声筛查可能会减少晚期诊断的先天性髋关节脱位的发生。
