Despriee Åshild Wik, Langeland Eva
Diakonova College University, Oslo, Norway.
Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway.
J Clin Nurs. 2016 Feb;25(3-4):372-80. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13057.
To investigate the effect of 30% sucrose compared with a placebo (water) as pain relief and comfort during immunisation of 15-month-old children in health care centres.
Children experience different levels of pain and distress during immunisation. Sweet solutions function as pain relief during immunisation for infants up to one year of age. However, there are few studies of older children.
An experimental design in which the participants (15-month-old infants) were randomly assigned to an intervention group that received a 30% sugar solution or a control group that received a placebo (water).
The study was performed at three health care centres in a large Norwegian municipality. The parents of all 15-month-old infants who were recommended for vaccination (for measles, mumps and rubella) between 5 September 2013 and 31 March 2014 were invited to have their infant participate. Duration of crying was the outcome measure.
A total of 114 children were included (59 in the intervention group, 55 in the control group). The intervention group infants' crying was shorter (18 seconds mean) compared with the control group infants (33 seconds mean). The difference in crying duration between the groups was both statistically and clinically significant.
This trial revealed that 30% sucrose orally has a calming and pain-relieving effect on 15-month-old infants during immunisation.
Public health nurses should use a 30% sucrose solution for pain relief during immunisation of 15-month-old infants.
研究在医疗保健中心为15个月大的儿童接种疫苗时，30%蔗糖溶液与安慰剂（水）相比在缓解疼痛和带来舒适感方面的效果。
儿童在接种疫苗时会经历不同程度的疼痛和痛苦。甜味溶液对一岁以下婴儿在接种疫苗时有止痛作用。然而，针对年龄较大儿童的研究较少。
一种实验设计，将参与者（15个月大的婴儿）随机分为接受30%糖溶液的干预组或接受安慰剂（水）的对照组。
该研究在挪威一个大市镇的三个医疗保健中心进行。邀请了2013年9月5日至2014年3月31日期间所有被推荐接种（麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹）疫苗的15个月大婴儿的家长让其婴儿参与。哭闹持续时间为观察指标。
共纳入114名儿童（干预组59名，对照组55名）。干预组婴儿的哭闹时间（平均18秒）比对照组婴儿（平均33秒）短。两组之间哭闹持续时间的差异在统计学和临床上均具有显著性。
该试验表明，口服30%蔗糖溶液对15个月大婴儿在接种疫苗时有镇静和止痛作用。
公共卫生护士应为15个月大婴儿接种疫苗时使用30%蔗糖溶液缓解疼痛。
