Yung W K
Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
Neurosurg Rev. 1989;12(3):197-203. doi: 10.1007/BF01743984.
Several in vitro chemosensitivity assays have been developed for predicting clinical response to chemotherapeutic and biologic agents, alone and in combinations. The most widely accepted assay is the colony forming assay (CFA) which assesses the clonogenic capability of stem cells. Other methods include growth inhibition assays by evaluating cell number; thymidine incorporation; or amino acid uptake. More recently an automatic colorimetric technique utilizing crystal violet dye or a tetrazolium (MTT) vital dye has been developed for more rapid assessment of cytotoxic or growth inhibitory activity in vitro. Several reports have compared the results of in vitro tests with patients' clinical response. Two major problems affect the predictive value of in vitro chemosensitivity tests. The foremost is cellular heterogeneity which exists within a single tumor as well as between tumors. Artificial selective pressure inherent to tissue culture system is the other problem. In general, in vitro tests predict clinical resistance more consistently than clinical sensitivity. However, chemosensitivity assays remain useful in screening new agents and preclinical modeling of clinical trials.
已经开发了几种体外化学敏感性测定方法，用于预测单独或联合使用化疗药物和生物制剂时的临床反应。最广泛接受的测定方法是集落形成测定法（CFA），它评估干细胞的克隆形成能力。其他方法包括通过评估细胞数量、胸苷掺入或氨基酸摄取来进行生长抑制测定。最近，一种利用结晶紫染料或四唑盐（MTT）活性染料的自动比色技术已经被开发出来，用于更快速地评估体外细胞毒性或生长抑制活性。一些报告比较了体外试验结果与患者的临床反应。有两个主要问题影响体外化学敏感性试验的预测价值。首要问题是细胞异质性，它存在于单个肿瘤内部以及肿瘤之间。组织培养系统固有的人为选择压力是另一个问题。一般来说，体外试验预测临床耐药性比临床敏感性更一致。然而，化学敏感性测定在筛选新药物和临床试验的临床前建模中仍然有用。
