Sluik Diewertje, van Lee Linde, Engelen Anouk I, Feskens Edith J M
Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2016 Jan 28;8(2):70. doi: 10.3390/nu8020070.
A high sugar intake is a subject of scientific debate due to the suggested health implications and recent free sugar recommendations by the WHO. The objective was to complete a food composition table for added and free sugars, to estimate the intake of total sugars, free sugars, and added sugars, adherence to sugar guidelines and overall diet quality in Dutch children and adults. In all, 3817 men and women (7-69 years) from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2007-2010 were studied. Added and free sugar content of products was assigned by food composition tables and using labelling and product information. Diet was assessed with two 24-h recalls. Diet quality was studied in adults with the Dutch Healthy Diet-index. Total sugar intake was 22% Total Energy (%TE), free sugars intake 14 %TE, and added sugar intake 12 %TE. Sugar consumption was higher in children than adults. Main food sources of sugars were sweets and candy, non-alcoholic beverages, dairy, and cake and cookies. Prevalence free sugar intake <10 %TE was 5% in boys and girls (7-18 years), 29% in women, and 33% in men. Overall diet quality was similar comparing adults adherent and non-adherent to the sugar guidelines, although adherent adults had a higher intake of dietary fiber and vegetables. Adherence to the WHO free sugar guidelines of <5 %TE and <10 %TE was generally low in the Netherlands, particularly in children. Adherence to the added and free sugar guidelines was not strongly associated with higher diet quality in adults.
由于高糖摄入对健康的潜在影响以及世界卫生组织最近提出的游离糖建议，这一话题引发了科学界的争论。本研究的目的是完成一份关于添加糖和游离糖的食物成分表，以估计荷兰儿童和成年人的总糖、游离糖和添加糖摄入量、对糖摄入指南的遵循情况以及整体饮食质量。总共对来自2007 - 2010年荷兰国家食品消费调查的3817名男性和女性（7至69岁）进行了研究。通过食物成分表并利用标签和产品信息来确定产品中的添加糖和游离糖含量。通过两次24小时膳食回顾来评估饮食情况。使用荷兰健康饮食指数对成年人的饮食质量进行研究。总糖摄入量占总能量的22%（%TE），游离糖摄入量占14%TE，添加糖摄入量占12%TE。儿童的糖摄入量高于成年人。糖的主要食物来源是糖果、非酒精饮料、乳制品以及蛋糕和饼干。在7至18岁的男孩和女孩中，游离糖摄入量<10%TE的患病率为5%，女性为29%，男性为33%。尽管遵循糖摄入指南的成年人膳食纤维和蔬菜摄入量较高，但将遵循和未遵循糖摄入指南的成年人的整体饮食质量进行比较，结果相似。在荷兰，对世界卫生组织<5%TE和<10%TE游离糖指南的遵循情况总体较低，尤其是在儿童中。成年人对添加糖和游离糖指南的遵循情况与更高的饮食质量没有强烈关联。
