Dämon Sabine, Schindler Karin, Rittmannsberger Barbara, Schätzer Manuel, Hoppichler Friedrich
SIPCAN - Initiative für ein gesundes Leben (Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology And Nutrition), Rabenfleckweg 8, 5061, Elsbethen/Salzburg, Österreich.
Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2016 Mar;166(3-4):95-101. doi: 10.1007/s10354-016-0436-3. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
Efforts to optimize the diet in terms of prevention and treatment of obesity aim at long-term adaptation and reduction of energy intake according to age and physiological requirements while preserving the nutrient density with consideration of individual food preferences.As the nutritional habits of the average Austrian people are unfavorable for obesity prevention there is a clear need for action. Women are "disadvantaged" in weight control compared to men in terms of physiological conditions-and are confronted with specific needs during life course (e.g. pregnancy), whereas the average man or male adolescents present "unhealthier" behaviors and attitudes and are (still) less interested on nutrition or weight control.To achieve better nutrition a target-group specific, gender-sensitive guidance of the individual is needed, starting with pregnant women, but also habitat-oriented interventions for improved nutrition offers, which have to be sustainably assured through the support of a relevant legal and social framework.
在肥胖症的预防和治疗方面优化饮食的努力旨在实现长期适应，并根据年龄和生理需求减少能量摄入，同时在考虑个人食物偏好的情况下保持营养密度。由于奥地利普通民众的营养习惯不利于肥胖症预防，因此显然需要采取行动。在生理条件方面，女性在体重控制上比男性“处于劣势”，并且在人生过程中（例如怀孕）面临特定需求，而普通男性或男性青少年表现出“更不健康”的行为和态度，并且（仍然）对营养或体重控制不太感兴趣。为了实现更好的营养，需要针对特定目标群体、对性别敏感的个人指导，从孕妇开始，但也需要以居住环境为导向的干预措施来改善营养供应，这必须通过相关法律和社会框架的支持来可持续地保障。
