蛋白质代谢在女性和男性中的异同。
Protein metabolism in women and men: similarities and disparities.
机构信息
Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2011 Jan;14(1):93-7. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283412343.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To provide an objective and comprehensive review of the recent literature addressing the effects of sex on protein metabolism. We also evaluate whether these differences can be attributed to physiology or methodology. Because of the developmental changes in hormonal milieu and body composition that occur across life, the literature has been examined in a longitudinal manner across the lifespan.
RECENT FINDINGS
Throughout most points of life, men and women of similar health status and BMI display fairly similar protein turnover rates. However, some investigators have reported sexual dimorphism in protein metabolism, which may be partly attributable to differences in fat-free mass and/or methodology. In periods of significant changes in the hormonal milieu (puberty and menopause), sex differences may become more evident. Finally, anabolic stimuli such as feeding and exercise may help highlight any discrepancies in protein turnover between men and women.
SUMMARY
Sex differences in protein metabolism, if any, are most evident during the main phases of hormonal changes, and may be also due to differences in body composition. However, methodological issues and sample size must be considered when designing and evaluating these studies.
目的综述
提供近期关于性别对蛋白质代谢影响的客观全面的文献综述。我们还评估这些差异是否可以归因于生理学或方法学。由于生命过程中激素环境和身体成分的发育变化，文献以纵向方式在整个生命周期中进行了检查。
最近的发现
在大多数生命阶段，健康状况和 BMI 相似的男性和女性的蛋白质周转率相当相似。然而，一些研究人员报告了蛋白质代谢的性别二态性，这可能部分归因于去脂体重和/或方法学的差异。在激素环境发生重大变化的时期（青春期和绝经期），性别差异可能更加明显。最后，喂养和运动等合成代谢刺激可能有助于突出男性和女性之间蛋白质周转率的任何差异。
总结
如果存在蛋白质代谢的性别差异，在主要的激素变化阶段最为明显，并且可能还与身体成分的差异有关。然而，在设计和评估这些研究时，必须考虑方法学问题和样本量。
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