Sack Kevin L, Davies Neil H, Guccione Julius M, Franz Thomas
Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7935, Observatory, South Africa.
Cardiovascular Research Unit, MRC IUCHRU, Chris Barnard Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa.
Heart Fail Rev. 2016 Nov;21(6):815-826. doi: 10.1007/s10741-016-9528-9.
Predictive computational modelling in biomedical research offers the potential to integrate diverse data, uncover biological mechanisms that are not easily accessible through experimental methods and expose gaps in knowledge requiring further research. Recent developments in computing and diagnostic technologies have initiated the advancement of computational models in terms of complexity and specificity. Consequently, computational modelling can increasingly be utilised as enabling and complementing modality in the clinic-with medical decisions and interventions being personalised. Myocardial infarction and heart failure are amongst the leading causes of death globally despite optimal modern treatment. The development of novel MI therapies is challenging and may be greatly facilitated through predictive modelling. Here, we review the advances in patient-specific modelling of cardiac mechanics, distinguishing specificity in cardiac geometry, myofibre architecture and mechanical tissue properties. Thereafter, the focus narrows to the mechanics of the infarcted heart and treatment of myocardial infarction with particular attention on intramyocardial biomaterial delivery.
生物医学研究中的预测性计算建模提供了整合各种数据的潜力，揭示通过实验方法难以获得的生物学机制，并暴露需要进一步研究的知识空白。计算和诊断技术的最新发展已在复杂性和特异性方面推动了计算模型的进步。因此，计算建模越来越多地被用作临床中的辅助和补充手段——使医疗决策和干预更加个性化。尽管现代治疗手段已达到最佳水平，但心肌梗死和心力衰竭仍是全球主要的死亡原因。新型心肌梗死治疗方法的开发具有挑战性，而预测性建模可能会极大地促进这一过程。在这里，我们回顾了心脏力学患者特异性建模的进展，区分了心脏几何形状、肌纤维结构和机械组织特性方面的特异性。此后，重点缩小到梗死心脏的力学和心肌梗死的治疗，特别关注心肌内生物材料的递送。
