Viotti Sara
Work. 2016 Jan 25;53(4):871-84. doi: 10.3233/WOR-152238.
Correctional officers (COs) are exposed to various factors likely to jeopardize their health and safety. Even if numerous studies have been focused on work-related stress among COs, few studies have been carried out in Italy.
Indentify the work-related factors and comprehend how they negatively affect the COs' psychological health in the Italian penal system.
A qualitative approach was employed. Twenty-eight COs employed in a detention block of an Italian jail were interviewed face-to-face. For the analyses of the text, Template Analysis technique was followed.
The analyses of the text highlighted six macro-categories and thirteen categories hierarchically linked to them: A) Intrinsic work-related factors with six categories: demanding contact with prisoners, high level of responsibility, health risks, critical events, lack of intellectual and social stimulation, and conflict value; B) Factors related to the type of contract and work organization: challenging working hours contrasted with social time, and relocation; C) Social factors: relationships with colleagues and hierarchy; D) Organizational factors: organizational injustice, E) External factors: negative social image; F) Physical environmental factors: physical structure of the prison building.
The results indicated that COs are at high risk of stress. More specifically, the analyses highlighted that the most stressful part of the COs' job concerns their relationship with the inmates.
惩教人员面临各种可能危及自身健康和安全的因素。尽管已有大量研究聚焦于惩教人员的工作压力，但在意大利开展的相关研究较少。
确定与工作相关的因素，并了解它们如何对意大利刑罚系统中惩教人员的心理健康产生负面影响。
采用定性研究方法。对意大利一所监狱拘留区的28名惩教人员进行了面对面访谈。文本分析采用模板分析法。
文本分析突出了六个宏观类别以及与之分层关联的十三个类别：A）与工作相关的内在因素，包括六个类别：与囚犯的密切接触、高度责任感、健康风险、关键事件、缺乏智力和社交刺激以及价值观冲突；B）与合同类型和工作组织相关的因素：具有挑战性的工作时间与社交时间的冲突以及工作调动；C）社会因素：与同事和层级的关系；D）组织因素：组织不公；E）外部因素：负面社会形象；F）物理环境因素：监狱建筑的物理结构。
结果表明惩教人员面临着较高的压力风险。更具体地说，分析突出显示，惩教人员工作中压力最大的部分与他们同囚犯的关系有关。
