a Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands.
b Department of Medical Oncology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2016;16(5):605-18. doi: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1148601. Epub 2016 Feb 17.
The individual response to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) is highly variable. Outlined in this article are findings on potential biomarkers for TKI treatment outcome in mRCC and an evaluation of the status of clinical implementation.
Articles were selected by two independent reviewers using a systematic search in five medical databases on renal cell carcinoma, TKIs, and pharmacogenetics.
Many researchers have focused on predictive biomarkers for treatment outcome of targeted therapies in mRCC patients. Attempts to explain differences in efficacy and toxicity of TKIs by use of genetic variants in genes related to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug have been successful.
Most findings on potential biomarkers have not been validated and therefore biomarker testing to guide choice of therapy and dose in mRCC is not yet feasible.
转移性肾细胞癌（mRCC）患者接受靶向酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）治疗的个体反应差异很大。本文阐述了 mRCC 中 TKI 治疗结果的潜在生物标志物，并评估了其临床应用现状。
通过在五个医学数据库中对肾细胞癌、TKI 和药物遗传学进行系统搜索，由两名独立的评审员选择文章。
许多研究人员专注于预测 mRCC 患者靶向治疗治疗结果的生物标志物。通过使用与药物药代动力学和药效学相关的基因中的遗传变异来解释 TKI 疗效和毒性差异的尝试已取得成功。
大多数潜在生物标志物的发现尚未得到验证，因此，mRCC 中指导治疗选择和剂量的生物标志物检测尚不可行。
